the vast exchange of water between the deep ocean and the sea surface that is unprecedented in the global ocean elsewhere. Over past decades, the Southern Ocean has substantially slowed global surface warming [...] which are central to ocean circulation, carbon and heat fluxes. … Find out more Low-salinity water in the Southern Ocean kept CO₂ locked… Low-salinity water in the Southern Ocean kept CO₂ locked away for [...] Postdoc My aim is to better understand the ocean carbon sink and its changes, with a special focus on the Southern Ocean. I study how the physics of the ocean impact the return pathways of CO 2 to the surface

between atmosphere and ocean. This concerns both hemispheres since cold-air outbreaks occur in the Arctic and Antarctic as well. Typical regions for cold-air outbreaks in the Arctic are the Fram Strait and [...] of the lower atmosphere with sea ice and ocean is strongly influenced by processes caused by the surface morphology, which is characterized in the Polar ocean regions first of all by the sea ice cover [...] Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer - Observations and Small Scale Modelling Temperature profiles over Arctic sea ice during summer. Boundary layer heights amount here to about 60 m (blue) and 500 m (red) (Graphic:

ice dynamics - Arctic climate and ocean dynamics - Earth system modelling - Terrestrial Arctic ecosystems and permafrost Biosciences: - Marine, coastal and shelf sea systems - Arctic ocean ecology and impacts

degrees Celsius. The polar 6 research aircraft of the Alfred Wegener Institute flies over the Arctic Ocean during an IceBird sea ice thickness campagne. (Photo: Esther Horvath) AWI researchers use the [...] the Earth’s crust, ice- and snow-covered areas, oceans and the atmosphere. Several times a year, Polar 5 and Polar 6 fly weeks-long expeditions in the Arctic and Antarctic. They carry on board a diverse range [...] Alfred Wegener Institute’s research is conducted in the inaccessible, ice-covered regions of the Arctic and Antarctic, making research aircraft indispensable. Currently the AWI relies on the research planes

Assessing the contribution of ocean and sea ice initialization for seasonal predictionin the Arctic , Madlen Kimmritz Assimilation of sea ice freeboard observations into an ocean and ice analysis and forecast [...] zone from ocean gravity wave attenuation, Giacomo De Carolis Sea Ice Concentration uncertainties , Rasmus Tonboe Sea-ice thickness and snow depth observations from satellite altimeters in Arctic and Antarctica [...] and results) Sea ice observations and uncertainties Sea ice model parameterizations and coupling to ocean and atmosphere models Verification approaches for sea ice analyses and forecasts Automated prediction

Main REcoM references: Schourup-Kristensen, V., Wekerle, C., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Völker, C. (2018): Arctic Ocean biogeochemistry in the high resolution FESOM 1.4-REcoM2 model, Progress in Oceanography, 168, [...] (2014). A skill assessment of the biogeochemical model REcoM2 coupled to the Finite Element Sea Ice-Ocean Model (FESOM 1.3), Geoscientific Model Development, 7 (6), 2769-2802. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-2769-2014 [...] Losch, M. and Wolf-Gladrow, D.A. (2013). Seasonally different carbon flux changes in the Southern Ocean in response to the southern annular mode, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 27 (4), 1236-1245. doi:10

Tallinna Tehnikaülikool (Estonia) Gronlands Naturinstitut (Greenland) Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Secretariat World Ocean Council EU-PolarNet Participants (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut)

Thorium in the Arctic Ocean The Transarc expeditions together with earlier Polarstern campaigns have yielded a unique time series of the chemical and physical properties of the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). Only [...] anthropogenic carbon is taken up by the ocean, and glacial ocean carbon storage in the deep Southern Ocean is well established ( Brovkin et al., 2012 ). Changes in Southern Ocean carbon uptake and its export to [...] of mud EXC 2077: The Ocean Floor – Earth’s Uncharted Interface The ocean floor, which makes up 71% of the Earth’s solid surface, lies an average of 3,700 meters beneath the ocean surface. The difficulties

Europe: Bernhard Diekmann Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Lectures | 15.07.2018 Arctic Environments in Change Ecologic Arctic Summer College Policy advice [...] glance back in time shows: the face of our planet was not only dictated by the coming and going of oceans and mountains, or the wandering of continents; it was also constantly shaped by natural climate change [...] live in a world characterised by perpetual ice in the Antarctic, and fluctuating ice extents in the Arctic, North America and Europe. The North German landscape is a legacy of the last glacial 20,000 years

Coastal permafrost erosion, organic carbon and nutrient release to the arctic nearshore zone (COPER) Permafrost Erosion Arctic permafrost coasts account for 34% of the coasts of the Earth and are extremely [...] matrix upon contact with seawater and are instantly washed away by incoming waves. With warming in the Arctic expected to be roughly two to four times as high as the global mean, sea ice extent is expected to [...] and changes to the nearshore food-web through the release of sediment and organic matter to the ocean. A comprehensive understanding of the processes at work at the local level is nonetheless still lacking