Permafrost Research
Profile
We observe and quantify the modern and past state of terrestrial and submarine permafrost and predict its future transformation in a changing climate. We measure long-term hydroclimate and ground temperatures, study water and energy balance, use remote sensing to quantify thaw, and model past, current, and future permafrost. We employ geophysics, quantify fluxes from permafrost thaw and coastal erosion, and determine greenhouse gas and biogeochemical fluxes. We reconstruct periglacial landscape dynamics over the past 200,000 years, studying ecosystem dynamics and the biogeochemical cycles in the terrestrial Arctic using multiproxy analyses of permafrost and lacustrine records.
Our Permafrost Section staff has diverse expertise and uses a wide range of methods.
Methods for studying past permafrost conditions and environmental dynamics:
- Geological, cryo-stratigraphical, and paleoecological studies of permafrost and lake sediment cores as well as of natural exposures along sea coasts, river banks, and lake shores
- Sedimentological, paleontological, biogeochemical, and isotopic analyses
- Development of models to reconstruct past environments and dynamics of permafrost landscapes
Methods for studying the current and future state of permafrost:
- Continuous measurements of hydroclimatic data and permafrost temperatures
- Study of water and energy balances of typical permafrost landscapes
- Large-scale and high-resolution remote sensing of landscape changes caused by permafrostdegradation
- Numerical modelling of terrestrial and subaquatic permafrost characteristics and landscape dynamics under past, current, and future environmental conditions
- The study of permafrost characteristics using geophysical and field analytical methods
- Quantification of sediment and geochemical fluxes due to Arctic streams and from coastal erosion
- Biogeochemical investigation of permafrost soils and deposits
- Formation and release of the greenhouse gases methane and carbon dioxide through microbial and energetic processes in permafrost soils and periglacial landforms resulting from permafrost thaw
Our section, now active in researching permafrost-affected landscapes since 1992, is focusing on Arctic and Subarctic Regions in Siberia, Alaska, Canada, and Spitzbergen. Since 1998, we conduct regular geoscientific and ecological studies during the Russian-German ‘Lena’ field expeditions at the research station Samoylov Island in the Lena River Delta of Northeast Siberia. These studies include long-term observations of permafrost state, energy and water balances, and trace gas fluxes.
