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provide answers to big questions on polar and global climate change. Future climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic depends on feedbacks governed by small-scale processes: How do the surface fluxes of [...] momentum and particles change as the atmosphere becomes less stable, and as sea ice gives way to open ocean? How do clouds and precipitation change in response to changes in temperature, moisture, circulation

Polar bear mother and cup in the Arctic ocean Automatic Marine Mammal Mitigation by Infrared Imaging Use of loud seismic airguns and naval sonars in marine surveys is feared to potentially injure whales [...] adjustment. ARK 27.3 Aug - Oct 2012 1563h operational Operation of FIRST-Navy infrared imager in the Arctic Ocean. (+) Successful operation of sensor for entire expedtion without any member of the IR team on [...] hindrance which is less prevalent in off-shore seismic and renewable energy construction settings. Arctic Ocean PS101 Sep-Oct 2016 Ship based operation of FIRST-Navy infrared imager on RV Polarstern. (+) O

now flowing more rapidly: this means that they transport more ice from the land’s interior to the ocean, which in turn causes the sea level to rise. Furthermore, the surface of Greenland’s ice sheet is [...] century? Find out more > TRT World Now (Video) | 14.09.2020 Climate Crisis: Ice breaks away from Arctic's largest remaining shelf Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Lecture | 04.03.2022 The Complex Life [...] Ice Sheets TEDx Talks Talk | 06.03.2017 How the Greenland Ice Sheet is loosing mass forced by the ocean Summit on Climate Change Policy advice

on, aggregation, ecological function and distribution of organic compounds in the changing polar ocean. We aim to understand the function of marine organic compounds, both, as diagnostic markers to decode [...] 2026 In the “FjordChange” project, we are investigating the influence of Atlanticification on the Arctic ecosystem around Spitsbergen. To this end, we are studying four fjords with varying degrees of A [...] of marine life Subtopic 6.3 The future biological carbon pump Subtopic 6.4 Use and misuse of the ocean: Consequences for marine ecosystems Publications of the Section Biological carbon pump Influence of

feedbacks between ocean structure and dynamics, sea ice physics, biogeochemistry, and biodiversity of the Arctic Ocean. Organic compounds in the Arctic Ocean and the deep Atlantic Ocean are derived from [...] elucidate, if the amount of dissolved organic compounds in the Arctic Ocean changed over the last decades. We also aim at quantifying the contribution of terrestrial organic matter because it represents [...] the effect of global warming on the occurrence of toxic microalgae and phycotoxins in the Arctic. The Arctic region is heavily impacted by global warming, which has an influence on the growth of planktonic

Currents transport plastic debris through the ocean, allowing it to accumulate even in remote areas like the Arctic. Unlike beach debris, the plastics in the ocean cannot be readily removed – and breaks down [...] intense research have shown that garbage can be found throughout the world’s oceans. Even in the most remote parts of the ocean, like the polar regions or the bottom of the deep sea, we can find large amounts [...] element Where does plastic debris end up? A great deal of the debris in and on the ocean ends up on beaches or the ocean floor. Especially deep-sea trenches have essentially become deposition sites for large

systems across the Arctic and Antarctic, using research vessels, such as the icebreaker Polarstern , observatories, aircrafts, and satellites to capture the evolving dynamics of the ocean, atmosphere, sea [...] climate is shaped by intricate physical and biogeochemical processes in the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ocean. Understanding these processes – especially in the rapidly changing polar regions where the changes

sensitivity experiments addressing questions such a What would happen to the global climate system if Arctic sea ice vanished? Climate models are also used in the Climate Dynamics section to carry out predictions [...] Traditionally, theoretical work in the Climate Dynamics section focusses on the behaviour of the ocean.

Sea ice motion and deformation Sea ice can be found in the Arctic and Antarctic, but also for example in the Gulf of Bothnia and Finland, is very dynamic. The drift velocities of individual ice floes or [...] other deformation features have a major impact on the interaction between the atmosphere, sea ice and ocean. They also pose dangers for ship traffic. Among other things, our work focuses on the improvement [...] landscape in the Lena delta (© NASA / Landsat , 2000) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) Charting the Arctic Tundra Polynias Terra Nova Bay Polynia (© NSIDC / Modis, 2013) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut)