world, there are natural climate archives – the sediments on the ocean floor, ancient ice in the Arctic and Antarctic, wood for tree-ring analyses, and more. These archives contain what is referred to [...] However, these models do not reflect in detail processes in the ocean, which have a major influence on the climate. In response, the AWI has developed a special ocean model (FESOM), which simulates e.g. ocean currents and sea ice. For their climate simulations, AWI researchers have coupled the two atmospheric models and FESOM, yielding

algae Lake & Sea-ice algae The seasonal extent and properties of Arctic ice on land and in the ocean determine the efficacy of the albedo feedback mechanism causing arctic climate amplification. Various [...] past and present relationships between climate changes in the Arctic and ecosystem dynamics in northern lake systems, by developing a data analysis system designed for multivariate statistics on lake [...] dynamics of the past, present and future. . Research focus: Arctic Lake System Dynamics (Topic A) High-latitude Vegetation Change (Topic B) Contact: Boris Biskaborn, Ulrike Herzschuh , Bernhard

rise; the remaining third is primarily due to the warming of the oceans, which causes seawater to expand. Accordingly, the development of our planet’s ice sheets and glaciers will to a considerable extent [...] been set in motion that will have lasting consequences. In the Arctic, temperatures are rising twice as quickly as the global average; as a result, the Greenland ice sheet’s loss of mass has accelerated

handling modern and ancient DNA samples. Our focus study areas are Arctic terrestrial systems (Russia, Alaska, Canada) and coastal–marine polar ecosystems (North Pacific & Atlantic, Southern Oceans). We

Sathyendranath, S., Kutser, T., eds. (2020). Colour and Light in the Ocean. Lausanne: Frontiers Media SA. doi: 10.3389/978-2-88963-421-7 2018 Heim B., Juhls B., Abramova E., Bracher A ., Doerffer R., [...] R., hellmann S., Kraberg A., Martynov, Overduin P. (2019) Ocean Colour Remote Sensing in the Laptev Sea. In: Barale V., Gade M. (eds) Remote Sensing of the Asian Seas. Springer, Cham, pp123-138; [...] 4A2, Canada., International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group, 156 p., ISBN: ISSN: 1098-6030 . 2012 Blum M . Rozanov V., Dinter T., Bracher A. (2012) Evaluation of the

together with video and audio recordings from expeditions to the Arctic, will help illustrate the thawing of the permafrost, and the fieldwork involved in investigating it. In May 2019, the ERC PETA-CARB [...] changing. 3D print of a permafrost landscape How do you imagine an Arctic landscape characterized by permafrost? The answer is visualized by a 3-dimensional print of an Arctic landscape in Northeast Siberia [...] exercises in small groups, everyone was gathered for a few Arctic and Antarctic short movies and a final discussion and Q&A session. All participants, supervisors and the “Permafrost im Wandel” team

dynamics Investigations of the nutrient dynamics in the polar oceans are closely related to biological and hydrographical studies. These basic data are important to study phytoplankton blooms and to [...] water masses due to different nutrient concentrations in the oceans. An example is the relationship between nitrate and phosphate which allows to distinguish between water of Pacific and Atlantic origin in the Arctic. Nutrient data from 1984 to 1997 in Fram Strait showed that a surface layer of about 50 m of pure Pacific Water is present above

on polar and global climate change. Future climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic depends on feedbacks governed by small-scale processes: How do the surface fluxes of heat, moisture, momentum and [...] atmosphere becomes less stable, and as sea ice gives way to open ocean? How do clouds and precipitation change in response to changes in temperature, moisture, circulation and in the availability of

physical, chemical, and biogeochemical interactions within the Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere (OIA) system, new knowledge of polar and global climate, and enhanced ability of society to respond to climate change [...] strongly using an iterative workflow. Workpackages WP1: Observed ocean-ice/snow-atmosphere processes: improved knowledge and existing model shortcomings WP1 will produce integrated knowledge of how sea ice and its snow cover are coupled to oceanic and atmospheric processes using ongoing and existing observations (in-situ and satellite) and existing model output. We use a

cornerstones. We conduct marine geological research in the Arctic and Antarctic to more precisely define the inadequately known advance and retreat behavior of the Antarctic ice sheet in the [...] history of global ice sheets and evaluating their influence on ocean circulation and sea level variations. As a result, models for future ice sheet behavior are then to be tested, validated and ultimately