Broad expanses of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean in the Antarctic are covered in sea ice. The ice plays a vital role in our climate system and is an important component of Arctic and Antarctic habitats [...] most frequently takes place in the Arctic and Antarctic. Depending on the season, the ice covers greater or lesser parts of the ocean. In the Northern Hemisphere, the ocean gradually freezes over in the course [...] its highest extent in September. In summer, the Southern Ocean is virtually ice-free. The research aircraft Polar 6 flies over the Arctic Ocean during a sea ice thickness campagne. (Photo: Esther Horvath)

Currents transport plastic debris through the ocean, allowing it to accumulate even in remote areas like the Arctic. Unlike beach debris, the plastics in the ocean cannot be readily removed – and breaks down [...] intense research have shown that garbage can be found throughout the world’s oceans. Even in the most remote parts of the ocean, like the polar regions or the bottom of the deep sea, we can find large amounts [...] element Where does plastic debris end up? A great deal of the debris in and on the ocean ends up on beaches or the ocean floor. Especially deep-sea trenches have essentially become deposition sites for large

Saccharina latissima. Picture by Emil Bremnes. CONSUMERS Eat food that also restores the ocean 6 Discover new food from the ocean 8 Inspiring new recipes 10 Cooking event in Brest: tasting the low trophic world [...] long-lasting international cooperation and research advances have contributed to the All-Atlantic Ocean Community and its ability to unlock sustainable food production now and into the future. The links [...] resources 40 Having fun with low trophic aquaculture 41 CONSUMERS Eat food that also restores the ocean By 2050, it is estimated that the Earth will be home to 10 billion people. Feeding the world is already

part of projects such as FRAM, LTER HAUSGARTEN, PEBCAO in different regions of the Arctic Ocean. The main goal of our arctic research is to understand and follow seasonal and interannual fluctuations of particle [...] , Angelina Kraft, Gordon Lax, Eva-Maria Nöthig Research The Arctcic Ocean reacts more sensitive to Gloabal Change than other oceans. Sea ice strongly decraeses, temperatures rise at least twice as much [...] months. While in FRAM strait and on the arctic shelves, a relatively high proportion of biomass was being observed, the proportion of biomass in central Arctic, sea ice covered waters is relatively low

airborne survey in the Arctic , AWI, press release Time surveys and neckties at Dinner , New York Times The Tech Ice Hunters Use to Track the Arctic Melt , Wall Street Journal Measuring Arctic Ice Melt from the [...] erived radar freeboard of Arctic sea ice. Geophysical Research Letters , 50, e2022GL100696. doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100696 Shi, H. et al . (2023), Estimation of Arctic Winter Snow Depth, Sea Ice [...] Mamnun, N. , Liu, X. and Nerger, L. (2023): Improving Arctic sea-ice thickness estimates with the assimilation of CryoSat-2 summer observations , Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, 2 . doi: 10.34133/olar.0025

several decades of experience in ocean simulation and earned an international reputation for developing the global ocean/sea-ice model FESOM, which doesn’t divide the ocean’s surface into regular quadrilaterals [...] makes it possible to model specific ocean regions – those where deep water forms, or those with an abundance of eddies, like the Gulf Stream and the Southern Ocean – in impressive detail. At the same time [...] 340 KB Media Phys.org | 25.12.2019 Can Arctic 'ice management' combat climate change? Find out more > Euronews Green | 22.11.2019 Walking on thin ice in the Arctic? Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Policy

emulators and foundation models for: Sea ice, ocean, and climate systems. High-resolution downscaling for local climate insights. AI-based diagnostics for tracking ocean eddies and other key processes. AI-powered [...] Climate Change Investigating fundamental climate processes, including: Large-scale atmospheric and ocean circulation. Climate variability and long-term climate trends. The role of polar regions in shaping [...] simulations, and theory. Model Development FESOMx – The next-generation Finite volumE Element Sea Ice-Ocean Model, designed for: High performance (GPU-ready, Python-based, mixed-precision). Modular and scalable

Since the early 20th century hydrographic measurements have been carried out in the Arctic Ocean. Although today the Arctic is a hotspot of climate change, data sampling is still sparse due to the large sea [...] climate studies in the Arctic Ocean. Many of the collected data are publicly available, but scattered across different electronic archives. Consequently, scientists working on Arctic climate change have to [...] awi.de The „Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography“ (UDASH) is an attempt to gather all publicly available temperature and salinity data for the Arctic Ocean and to provide them on a high quality

ut) The Arctic boundary has been observed over many years to better understand and monitor the exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and its neighboring oceans. The unique geometry of the Arctic—surrounded [...] the Arctic Ocean with hydrographic observation lines (Figure 1). A method to treat the Arctic as a single box bounded by hydrographic lines and land has been developed recent years. This pan-Arctic approach [...] monitor the major oceanic heat and FW exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and surrounding Oceans? (2) Where is the most efficient place to add additional instruments to increase the accuracy of measurements?

Long-term observations in the Arctic and Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean The Arctic is an environment where global climate change is strongly manifested. The Arctic Amplification, represented by the atmospheric [...] atmospheric warming trend in the Arctic being about three times that of the global average, is also manifested in sea-ice and… Find out more Southern Ocean The oceans are key elements of the global climate [...] system, not at last due to their ability to extract and store heat and CO2 from the atmosphere. Polar oceans are of particular Find out more