regions of the Arctic, there are areas in which 70 percent or more of the ground is made of ice – which means thawing has correspondingly dramatic [...] Given its smaller overall land mass, there is less permafrost in the Southern Hemisphere. Although the Antarctic offers the constant low temperatures needed, the amount of land where the soil could permanently freeze is limited; much of it is covered in ice, which insulates the ground from the cold air, often preventing the formation of permafrost. Facts and Figures

) represents ~10% of the world’s oceans but hosts about 50% of the world’s stocks of seals. These large, abundant predators serve as powerful indicators of ecosystems and climate-driven change. The region of the Filchner Outflow System in the southern Weddell Sea is considered “hot spot” [...] and hydrographic features, we aim to comprehensively investigate the Filchner Outflow System (FOS). Here the outflow of ice shelf water of the Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf interacts with warm deep water of

Olanrewaju, O. S. , & Buck, B. H. ( 2026 ). Simulation modeling of the Adjustable Buoyancy Device for open ocean low trophic aquaculture, part I: Test of a submersible long tube unit. Journal of the [...] the Avilés Canyon (southern Bay of Biscay). Journal of Fish Biology. doi:10.1111/jfb.70292 Neufeldt, H., Windt, C., Buck, B. H., Heasman [...] 2014. London, UK. Buck, B. H. (2014). Aquaculture perspective of multi-use sites in the open ocean: Evaluating the potential of IMTA. In Seminar at the University of Maine. Orono - Maine (USA). Buck

Massmann, S., Janssen, F. (2012). Assimilating NOAA SST data into the BSH operational circulation model for the North and Baltic Seas: Inference about the data. Journal of Marine Systems , 105-108, pp. [...] Kivman, G., Hiller, W., Schröter, J.(2007). Data assimilation with the Ensemble Kalman Filter and the SEIK filter applied to a finite element model of the North Atlantic, Journal of Marine Systems , 65, [...] Proceedings of the 11th ECMWF Workshop / Eds. W. Zwieflhofer, G. Mozdzynski. Singapore: World Scientific, pp. 63-83. doi:10.1142/9789812701831_0006

Seminar Online Training "Environmental Protection in Antarctica" The provisions of the German "Law for the Implementation of the Environmental Protection Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty" (see https:/ [...] questions about the content of the training, which you have to answer correctly (see also information in the instruction manual). After [...] provide feedback on the online course "Environmental Protection in Antarctica" via the feedback button at the end of the training and/or send questions and

still not enough to put the world on the necessary course towards zero emissions. She therefore hopes that the 10th anniversary of the Paris Climate Agreement [...] summarized in the recently published 2025 State of the Cryosphere Report : A warming of just 1 °C could jeopardize the stability of the ice sheets in [...] aspects One area of tension in which the COP has been operating from the outset is that climate change does affect all countries in the world, but not

climatic and oceanographic changes in the southern Indian Ocean Located in a key region in the southern Indian Ocean the complex topography of the Kerguelen Plateau, one of [...] 2020, comprised seismic reflection studies and geological sampling of the Kerguelen Plateau in the southern part of the Indian Ocean. The Kerguelen Plateau rises up 2000 m above the surrounding seafloor [...] and the Scotia Sea, the gateway between South America and Antarctica, enabled the exchange of water masses between the southern Pacific and

Research ice breaker Polarstern An Icon of German Polar Research The Research Vessel Polarstern is the most important resource for German polar research and the flagship of the [...] ’s one of the world’s most advanced and versatile polar research ships in the world. The Polarstern operates an average of 305 days a year, [...] whether there is a need for additional lab containers, all depend on the research questions and objectives of the researchers involved in a given expedition. In addition, the Polarstern normally has two