specially adapted biotic community. Ice-covered seascape in the Arctic Ocean (Photo: Esther Horvath) The deep sea in the polar regions In the Arctic, living at the bottom of the sea poses unique challenges for [...] standards. For another, food is harder to come by. The central Arctic Ocean is largely covered with ice and – unlike the Antarctic’s Southern Ocean – surrounded by landmasses. Exchanges with the Atlantic and [...] than we do about the ocean depths. Yet the deep sea is not a habitat fully separated from the surface; it is already undergoing dramatic changes in response to warmer water, ocean acidification and en

insights into key local-regional scale physical and chemical processes for atmosphere-ocean-ice interactions in the Arctic and Antarctic, their responses to, and influence on, projected changes in the global [...] Rinke . WP4. Arctic processes and O-A-I interactions in the coupled climate system Improved understanding of those key physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice and ocean, and involved [...] involved interactions that play a major role in the coupled Arctic climate system and associated Arctic Amplification. AWI contribution led by Dr. Annette Rinke and Dr. Wolfgang Dorn . WP5. Antarctic processes

the vast exchange of water between the deep ocean and the sea surface that is unprecedented in the global ocean elsewhere. Over past decades, the Southern Ocean has substantially slowed global surface warming [...] which are central to ocean circulation, carbon and heat fluxes. … Find out more Low-salinity water in the Southern Ocean kept CO₂ locked… Low-salinity water in the Southern Ocean kept CO₂ locked away for [...] Postdoc My aim is to better understand the ocean carbon sink and its changes, with a special focus on the Southern Ocean. I study how the physics of the ocean impact the return pathways of CO 2 to the surface

between atmosphere and ocean. This concerns both hemispheres since cold-air outbreaks occur in the Arctic and Antarctic as well. Typical regions for cold-air outbreaks in the Arctic are the Fram Strait and [...] of the lower atmosphere with sea ice and ocean is strongly influenced by processes caused by the surface morphology, which is characterized in the Polar ocean regions first of all by the sea ice cover [...] Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer - Observations and Small Scale Modelling Temperature profiles over Arctic sea ice during summer. Boundary layer heights amount here to about 60 m (blue) and 500 m (red) (Graphic:

ice dynamics - Arctic climate and ocean dynamics - Earth system modelling - Terrestrial Arctic ecosystems and permafrost Biosciences: - Marine, coastal and shelf sea systems - Arctic ocean ecology and impacts

degrees Celsius. The polar 6 research aircraft of the Alfred Wegener Institute flies over the Arctic Ocean during an IceBird sea ice thickness campagne. (Photo: Esther Horvath) AWI researchers use the [...] the Earth’s crust, ice- and snow-covered areas, oceans and the atmosphere. Several times a year, Polar 5 and Polar 6 fly weeks-long expeditions in the Arctic and Antarctic. They carry on board a diverse range [...] Alfred Wegener Institute’s research is conducted in the inaccessible, ice-covered regions of the Arctic and Antarctic, making research aircraft indispensable. Currently the AWI relies on the research planes

Tallinna Tehnikaülikool (Estonia) Gronlands Naturinstitut (Greenland) Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Secretariat World Ocean Council EU-PolarNet Participants (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut)

Europe: Bernhard Diekmann Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Lectures | 15.07.2018 Arctic Environments in Change Ecologic Arctic Summer College Policy advice [...] glance back in time shows: the face of our planet was not only dictated by the coming and going of oceans and mountains, or the wandering of continents; it was also constantly shaped by natural climate change [...] live in a world characterised by perpetual ice in the Antarctic, and fluctuating ice extents in the Arctic, North America and Europe. The North German landscape is a legacy of the last glacial 20,000 years

Thorium in the Arctic Ocean The Transarc expeditions together with earlier Polarstern campaigns have yielded a unique time series of the chemical and physical properties of the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). Only [...] anthropogenic carbon is taken up by the ocean, and glacial ocean carbon storage in the deep Southern Ocean is well established ( Brovkin et al., 2012 ). Changes in Southern Ocean carbon uptake and its export to [...] of mud EXC 2077: The Ocean Floor – Earth’s Uncharted Interface The ocean floor, which makes up 71% of the Earth’s solid surface, lies an average of 3,700 meters beneath the ocean surface. The difficulties

with the atmosphere and ocean. (Antarctic) Climate change Improved snow process formulations in climate models Investigation of the impact of changing atmospheric and oceanic processes on the evolution [...] S. , and Meyer, H.: Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 12, doi.org/10.1 [...] research will significantly improve our process understanding of Antarctic sea ice in the Southern Ocean climate system – from today’s perspective and for future warming climate scenarios. Background Snow