Sea. The overall objective is to develop a smart and flexible ocean observation strategy tailored to the specific observation needs of individual stakeholder groups. Observation and prediction methods [...] diversity of the entire plankton community of the Fram Strait (Arctic) is assessed. This data is then applied to forecast future scenarios of Arctic planktonic biodiversity. Recommendations to policy

Oceanic microseisms - formation, propagation and interaction with sea ice When waves break on the high seas or on the beach, they create [...] ice-going ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) . These were deployed in ice-covered areas to investigate, for example, submarine volcanism and the [...] were also recorded, which we are currently analysing. Map of the Arctic and Antarctic. The red stars mark the oceanic microseisms research projects. (Graphic: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) Contact An ice-going

, information on the geological history of the Arctic Ocean is still sparse. As the sea-ice recedes, the Arctic Ocean will see an explosion of research activities. With RV Polarstern, [...] techniques , AWIs geophysics group has played a leading role in Arctic Ocean geophysical research for many years and in various projects. Projects Formation of new seafloor at the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut)

Dr. Gabriele Uenzelmann-Neben Dr. Karsten Gohl Extent of the Arctic ice sheets during the last glacial (Graphic: Catalina Gebhardt) In contrast to the continent Antarctica, the Arctic region consists of a large marine basin. Therefore, Arctic ice sheets are located on its surrounding land masses. At present, the only existing ice sheet is found on Greenland, but in the [...] During their maximum extent, these ice sheets reached far into the Arctic Ocean, and signs of glacial overprint can be found as far north as at the North Pole. Many studies have shown that the onset of the

Arctic climate. As a contribution to the ArcSolution project we will simulate the oceanic advection of pollutants from their sources with a global version of the sea-ice-ocean model FESOM2 with about 7 km spatial resolution in the Arctic and Nordic Seas. Atmospheric predictions from climate models of the [...] changing Arctic climate and the impacts of oceanic and atmospheric processes under a range of plausible scenarios. Doing so, we aim to provide not

Climate Modelling We investigate the coupled Arctic climate system with the overall aim to (i) improve our understanding and model representation of key climate processes in the Arctic [...] of key Arctic processes and feedbacks. A large body of evidence demonstrates how changes in the Arctic climate influence weather and climate at [...] in atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean, which are involved in interactions that play a major role in the coupled Arctic climate system. On the one hand, we apply the

Long-term observations in the Arctic Ocean Schematic of ocean circulation between the Arctic and neighbouring oceans: warm water paths (red), cold/fresh polar water [...] of water masses and circulation in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean from the 1990s to the late 2000s ,OS Special Issue: Ice-Atmosphere-Ocean interactions in the Arctic Ocean during IPY: the [...] awi.de Fram Strait / West Spitsbergen Atlantic Water is the main oceanic source of heat, salt, and nutrients of the Arctic Ocean. It enters the Arctic Ocean through the Barents Sea or Fram Strait. In the

Central Arctic long-term observations [Translate to English:] Anomalies of annual mean liquid freshwater content in the upper Arctic Ocean basin [...] practical salinity of 35. The linear trend is 600+-300 The central Arctic is an important component of the global climate system, not only by atmospheric teleconnections but also by links in ocean circulation [...] overturning may be affected by the release of freshwater from the Arctic reservoir. Long-term observations in the Arctic Ocean by a multitude of observational platforms allow estimates of annual mean liquid

current long-term observations Atlantic Water is the main oceanic source of heat, salt, and nutrients of the Arctic Ocean. It enters the Arctic Ocean through the Barents Sea or Fram Strait. In the [...] Strait on timescales of several months while the rest enters the Arctic Ocean and follows a cyclonic circulation for years to decades. The AWI long-term observations in Fram Strait have been measuring [...] events occurred in fall 2006 and in late winter 2012. In the deep ocean, it was also observed that the two water masses present there (the warmer Eurasian Basin Deep Water and the colder Greenland Sea

Technology and Logistics Observations of the ocean’s temperature and salinity at different locations and depths – key parameters to assess its state - depended until recently on [...] restricted to ice free oceanic regions, as the floats needed to surface regularly to be localized and to transmit its data. The Hybrid Antarctic Float Observing [...] 6. Photo of an ice-resiliant Argo float surfacing the Antarctic Ocean in December 2008. (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut)