to particles, the formation and dynamics of particles in anthropogenic coastal regions as well as industrial applications are another hot topic of our group. Algae-bacteria associations Many coastal

there is a problem arising directly from CO 2 : As much of the anthropogenic CO 2 is taken up by the ocean, concentrations of CO2 and bicarbonate increase while the concentration of carbonate ions and the

of the upper troposphere and stratosphere. With little local anthropogenic influence, the PAO is ideal for comparisons with other tropical stations and to study the impact of long-range transport of

Biological effects of marine organisms Pollutants of anthropogenic origin have also been polluting our oceans since the industrialization of the world. Coastal seas such as the North and Baltic

extremes and whether there is a difference between natural and anthropogenic impact on Siberian hydrology by comparison of early Holocene and recent warming phases. To answer these questions sediment cores [...] similar temporal resolution, if achievable, to disentangle the anthropogenic and natural contribution. For investigations, primarily diatom-δ18O will be used to establish hydrological time-series and detect

that influence seafloor morphology and sediment dynamics and anthropogenic influences, such as the use of bottom-contact fishing gear. Acoustic methods further allow us to look beneath the seabed and

(still) prohibited under the Antarctic Treaty. Hence few anthropogenic acoustic sources exist in this region while the sea ice cover absorps sound more efficiently than the open water surface, reducing [...] further. Spectrogram of 20060829-2207_PALAOA (Photo: OZA AWI) Anthropogenic sound Ship noise Polarstern in sea ice (Photo: AWI) Twice a year, the German research vessel Polarstern visits the Atka bay to

Double-Trouble investigates the influence of global warming and anthropogenic pollution on the structure and functioning of the Central Arctic food web under current and future environmental conditions.

sustainMare research mission, is developing concepts for reducing anthropogenic stresses on marine ecosystems and biodiversity. The project brings together 32 experts from 15 institutes, whose goal is to

continue to do so, and more quickly. This is chiefly due to anthropogenic climate change. The warmer atmosphere is heating the ocean, causing seawater to expand. In addition, glaciers around the globe [...] cause. What the future looks like will above all depend on anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. According to the IPCC’s climate projections, if emissions can be cut rapidly, the sea level will still