considered and the sum of the area was defined as the sea ice extent for the sector. The data were finally re-sampled to produce monthly mean SIE (i.e. sea ice area in units 106 km2). The accuracy of the retrieved [...] total number of months (i.e. the length of the time series), were also used to evaluate correlations among the measured parameters in the time domain. The purpose of data evaluation in the frequency domain [...] investigate the long-term variability of the major ionic aerosol compounds MS, nss-SO2− 4 , NO− 3 and Na+ of the Neumayer data. Note that respective investigations of the seasonal cycles of these species

depth of the fluorescence maximum (Fig. 5.10) and in steps of 10-20 m above and below the depth of the fluorescence -max., till the depth where the fluorescence signal vanished (~100). At the positions of the [...] gy (Christina Bienhold) The Arctic Ocean is rapidly changing due to increasing temperatures and the loss of sea ice. One of the central questions about the consequences of the shrinking sea ice cover is [...] Narrative of the Cruise Cruise leg MSM29 started in the morning of June 23 in Tromsø, Norway. After two days transit, where the scientists and technicians used the time to finish the preparation of the labs

acoustic recording unit like the ones used by the PAM recorders in HAFOS. This takes advantage of the recorder now sitting just under the icy surface of the ice shelf, accessible by the Neumayer overwintering [...] Strait, respectively. See the maps to the right for of the recording sites occupied so far. Please note that not all sites are equipped with recorders at all time. Maps of the Arctic and Antarctic with [...] Tracking of Antarctic marine mammals) The aim of the PASATA project was to use time-synchronized passive acoustic recorders to localize vocalizing marine mammals in the Atka Bay area. Alongside the passive

out. In the end the victims of this increasing species mi- gration from the North Atlantic to the Arctic Ocean will presumably be the animals at the end of the food chains. After all, many of the Atlantic [...] under the ice with a minimum temperature of minus 1.8 degrees Celsius. Life in the ocean is significantly influenced by the circulation of the water and thus by the topography of the seafloor. The map shows [...] sea ice of the Arctic in summer shimmers turquoise-blue. The thinner the ice layer at the bottom of the pond, the darker its colour because the ocean shimmers through the ice from below. At such ponds AWI

possible due to the harsh water current at the wreck site another attempt was conducted at HE607 with the help of a ROV of the ICBM. During HE607 it is planned to visit the again the wreck site of the submarine [...] Bremerhaven – Bremerhaven The aims of the cruise HE635 are cross disciplinary investigations of munition dumping sites in the southern German Bight and the test of new underwater crawler for munition monitoring [...] (e.g., patterns of coastal runoff) and chemistry to reveal terrestrial and marine sources of nutrients, OM, freshwater, and the distribution of greenhouse gases of the PCES. The effect of local flux patterns

and study the local influences of the sea, the ice and the atmosphere on the Weddell Sea and global processes. August - October 2008 – RV Polarstern is the first research vessel in the world to circumnavigate [...] care is still fit for the trip to the ice. Birthday spends the research icebreaker in the vastness of Antarctica. The public can visit the ship in June, before it traveled the southern hemisphere for a year [...] During the Polarstern’s 29th Antarctic expedition, the researchers on board investigate the status of the Antarctic ecosystem after the polar winter, as well as the causes of differences in the development

thermal environment of the mother has a strong influence on the fitness of the offspring in a matching environment. Mechanistically the plastic adaptation is linked to higher efficiency of the mitochondrial [...] between environment of the parents and of the offspring exists, it can be a selective advantage to transfer information about phenotypically plastic traits to the offspring. We investigate the epigenetic mechanisms [...] mechanisms of transgenerational plasticity (TGP) in the context of ocean warming and performance in a marine population of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), and could show that the thermal

topographic features of the study site such as the slightly more elevated region in the center of the study area reveal lower FDD. Furthermore, the exposed hillsides of5 the Brooks Range or the coastal zone are [...] pared to the neighboring ones. The Saganavirktok River does not show different FDD than the adjacent areas, despite of the valleys in the foothills of the Brooks Range. In Figure 7 the TDD for the same year [...] important for the performance of the SEB-scheme is the determination of the melt period. Figure 14 displays the melt period metrics for the sample year 2012. It displays the high spatial variation of snowmelt

DML as well as data of the control standard IA-RO63. It can be seen that the SD of the DML house standard is higher, but it is still within the specification of the analysis system. The transparent background [...] addition, the δ 15 N values of the organic matter also provide information on the efficiency of the biological pump if terrigenous input can be excluded. The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of organisms, on the other [...] archives. On the other hand, we determine the δ 18 O values in ice and water samples from the Arctic and Antarctic, as well as the δ 13 C values of dissolved inorganic carbon in the water of the polar oceans

DML as well as data of the control standard IA-RO63. It can be seen that the SD of the DML house standard is higher, but it is still within the specification of the analysis system. The transparent background [...] addition, the δ 15 N values of the organic matter also provide information on the efficiency of the biological pump if terrigenous input can be excluded. The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of organisms, on the other [...] archives. On the other hand, we determine the δ 18 O values in ice and water samples from the Arctic and Antarctic, as well as the δ 13 C values of dissolved inorganic carbon in the water of the polar oceans