Long-term observations in the Arctic and Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean The Arctic is an environment where global climate change is strongly manifested. The Arctic Amplification, represented by the atmospheric [...] atmospheric warming trend in the Arctic being about three times that of the global average, is also manifested in sea-ice and… Find out more Southern Ocean The oceans are key elements of the global climate [...] system, not at last due to their ability to extract and store heat and CO2 from the atmosphere. Polar oceans are of particular Find out more

Radiation in the Arctic (AWIPEV Research Base in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen) Pyranometer in Ny-Ålesund. (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) Ny-Ålesund is situated 78.9° N north of the arctic circle. During the [...] fundamental role in determining the thermal conditions and the circulation of the atmosphere and the ocean, shaping the main characteristics of the Earth's climate. The radiation budget components at the surface

this region, ocean currents from lower latitudes impact the sea water temperature, and the ocean is a heat storage affecting the local climate. Although Ny-Ålesund is situated in the high Arctic (78.9°N, 11 [...] Long Term Observations Surface Meteorology in the Arctic (AWIPEV Research Base in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen) Ny-Ålesund from above. (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) Ny-Ålesund is located on a fjord at the [...] risen by 1.1° C per decade, while the strongest warming is observed during the winter season. The 'Arctic Amplification' of global warming is analysed under various aspects by measurements and model simulations

(Neumayer-Station III) Infrasound (Neumayer-Station III) Biology North Sea Arctic (Fram and Svalbard) Antarctic Oceanography Arctic Time series Antarctic time series Terrestrial time series Samoylov Bayelva [...] terrestrial ecosystems and therefore mankind, is exceedingly difficult. The study of atmospheric, open ocean, deep sea or even processes in shallow coastal waters require sustained long-term observations often [...] position in that its scientists jointly generate a particularly large set of time series, in the Arctic, Antarctic as well as the North Sea. These data are used in the context of AWI research programmes

(Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) The research vessel Polarstern operates in the southern and arctic ocean. As an icebreaker RV Polarstern enables to enter ice covered polar areas and to conduct diving [...] research village (Kongsfjorden - West Spitsbergen). (Photo: Max Schwanitz) The northernmost permanent arctic research station of the AWI (AWIPEV Station - till 2005 Koldewey-Station) is located in the small [...] offers a wide range of muddy, sandy and rocky habitats with a wide variety of endemic underwater Arctic flora and fauna. The AWIPEV dive base is operated for about 6 month per year upon request by scientific

is thought to be the warming of Atlantic water that flows from Europe’s Norwegian Sea into the Arctic Ocean, passing through the Barents Sea and the Fram Strait in the process. However, not all the Atlantic [...] In the last few decades, the Arctic sea ice has receded ever further, including increasingly in winter when the extent of sea ice is at its most prominent. One of the main drivers of this development is

Arctic Ocean
The Arctic has a serious litter problem: in just ten years, the concentration of marine litter at a deep-sea station in the Arctic Ocean has risen 20-fold. This was recently reported in

N. and Dommergue, A. (2018): Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean using Radon-222, Frontiers in Earth Science, 6. doi: 10.3389/feart.2018.00190 Weller, R., Legrand [...] Schrems, O. (1998): Tropospheric ozone depletion in polar regions - A comparison of observations in the Arctic and Antarctic, Tellus, Vol. 50B, pp. 34-50, www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3402/tellusb.v50i1

N. and Dommergue, A. (2018): Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean using Radon-222, Frontiers in Earth Science, 6. doi: 10.3389/feart.2018.00190 Weller, R., Legrand [...] Schrems, O. (1998): Tropospheric ozone depletion in polar regions - A comparison of observations in the Arctic and Antarctic, Tellus, Vol. 50B, pp. 34-50, www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3402/tellusb.v50i1

SF6 record Our SF6 observational network data comprise: (1) long- term data records from Alert (Arctic), Izaña (sub-tropics, Tenerife Island), Cape Grim (Tasmania, Australia), and Neu- mayer (Antarctica) [...] (Antarctica), (2) two meridional profiles collected in November 1990 and November 1993 over the Atlantic Ocean (50◦ N to 68◦ S), (3) regular vertical aircraft pro- files over the Rhine Valley (Germany), Syktyvkar [...] Observations at the four globally distributed stations and along meridional transects over the Atlantic Ocean show relatively uniform SF6 mixing ratios north of 30◦ N, and south of about 15◦ S. A nearly linear