ice influence the observed variability of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice? How do variations in melt and freeze rates impact the ocean and the atmosphere in the Arctic and Antarctic? What are the consequences [...] polar ocean due to Arctic sea ice retreat? We apply, improve, and develop various methods to study sea ice and snow processes in both hemispheres, including the interaction of atmosphere and ocean. Contact [...] are the reasons for the dramatic changes in Arctic sea ice during the last decades? Why is the development of sea ice in the Antarctic so different to the Arctic and shows strong regional differences? How

Broad expanses of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean in the Antarctic are covered in sea ice. The ice plays a vital role in our climate system and is an important component of Arctic and Antarctic habitats [...] most frequently takes place in the Arctic and Antarctic. Depending on the season, the ice covers greater or lesser parts of the ocean. In the Northern Hemisphere, the ocean gradually freezes over in the course [...] its highest extent in September. In summer, the Southern Ocean is virtually ice-free. The research aircraft Polar 6 flies over the Arctic Ocean during a sea ice thickness campagne. (Photo: Esther Horvath)

dependances in Bremerhaven and Sylt as well as temporary dive bases at the polar research station AWIPEV (Arctic - Spitsbergen), Dallman (Antarctic) and Neumayer III (Antarctic). With currently 12 certified "Dive [...] main scientific diving facilities in Europe and conducts professional underwater research in all oceans of the world. The main goals of the AWI Center for Scientific Diving are: To conduct, promote and

PS93.2 Weekly Report No. 1 | 21 until 26 July 2015
On June 21 st , 46 scientists, engineers, technicians, and students coming from 10 nations embarked in sunny Tromsø to participate in the second l

the vast exchange of water between the deep ocean and the sea surface that is unprecedented in the global ocean elsewhere. Over past decades, the Southern Ocean has substantially slowed global surface warming [...] Postdoc My aim is to better understand the ocean carbon sink and its changes, with a special focus on the Southern Ocean. I study how the physics of the ocean impact the return pathways of CO 2 to the surface [...] that Antarctic Winter Water plays in the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Winter Water is important in connecting the polar Southern Ocean to the global ocean. Persönliche Seite E-Mail Marlene Schramm Master student

with the atmosphere and ocean. (Antarctic) Climate change Improved snow process formulations in climate models Investigation of the impact of changing atmospheric and oceanic processes on the evolution [...] S. , and Meyer, H.: Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 12, doi.org/10.1 [...] research will significantly improve our process understanding of Antarctic sea ice in the Southern Ocean climate system – from today’s perspective and for future warming climate scenarios. Background Snow

collect and analyse Arctic sea-ice drift forecasts at lead times from days to a year. Forecasts are made with various methods for drifting sea-ice buoys and, ultimately, the trans-Arctic MOSAiC drift campaign [...] Apr 1 Jul 1 Oct 1 Jan 2018 1 Apr 1 Jul 1 Oct 1 Jan 2019 uw001_IceOceanModel uo001_mpasCESM ukmo001_FOAM ukmo001_cplNWP ucl001_IceOceanModelTracer nrl001_flatearth24 metno001_RK2 esrl001_SeaIceVelocity [...] collect and analyse Arctic sea-ice drift forecasts at lead times from days to a year. Forecasts are made with various methods for drifting sea-ice buoys and, ultimately, the trans-Arctic MOSAiC drift campaign

OC-PFT. NAT = North Atlantic Ocean, SO = Southern Ocean, Arc = Arctic Ocean. NPC = North Pacific Ocean, SPC = South pacific Ocean, SAT = South Atlantic Ocean, IND= Indic Ocean. Modified from Kostandinov [...] Tegtmeier, S., Krüger, K. 2014. Link of phytoplankton to oceanic trace gas emissions- examples from the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Earth Observation for Ocean- Atmosphere Interactions Science 2014, ESRIN, Frascati [...] global oceanic DMS flux and its future climate sensitivity, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, 7725–7740. Le Quéré et al. 2005. Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry

to obtain the respective c-PSC. 3.1.3 Phytoplankton Functional Types from NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model The NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM) is a global biogeochemical model with cou- pled circulation [...] Kilias, Estelle, Hardge, K., et al. . 2015. Plankton ecology and biogeochemistry in a changing Arctic Ocean – Overview of long-term 58 Sy-4SciPFT-PVR- SY-4Sci Synergy R & D Study 4: Version 3.3 D2.4-AWI-IUP [...] the Southern Ocean: Mean Patterns, Trends and the Role f Climate Oscillations. Remote Sensing, 8, 420. C. Swan, C., Vogt, M., Gruber, N., Laufkötter, C. 2016. A global seasonal surface ocean climatology

Transfer in the Ocean Including Inelastic Scattering Processes Using the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Radiative Transfer Model SCIATRAN. Poster presentation at Colour and Light in the Ocean from Earth Observation [...] knowledge on PFT algorithms and ecology to two studies of GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel assessing oceanic emissions and the link to specific PFT abundances (Booge et al. 2016, Schlundt et [...] other ocean-colour algorithms, such as standard Chla retrievals (RD-13). The direction for new satellite sensor construction for obtaining high quality PFT products from multi- and hyperspectral ocean colour