• Focus
    • Ocean Acidification
      • "We are talking about a deadly trio"
      • Ocean acidification – The evil twin of climate warming
      • Facts on Ocean Acidification
      • "Ocean acidification is the evil little brother of global warming"
      • Success story of a resistance fighter
      • Tracing ocean acidification
      • A view inside – A fish in NMR
      • Swimming in acidic water
    • Sea ice
      • The most productive algae in the Arctic
      • Sea-ice photo galleries
      • In the Arctic Sea Ice's Kindergarten
      • Remote Sensing
      • Life in and underneath sea ice
      • Infograph sea ice research
    • Permafrost
      • Permafrost - An introduction
      • TanDEM-X satellite image - Changes in permafrost landscapes
      • The Atlantis of the Arctic
      • How thick is the old ground ice
      • Research at the furthest reaches of civilization
      • A symbolic tree in the Russian Arctic
      • The Direct Line to the Arctic Permafrost
    • Marine Litter
      • Litterbase
      • Using Expertise to Combat Marine Litter
      • litter in the ocean depths
      • Tracking down microplastic
      • “The Litter is a Whole New Dimension”
      • 10 Questions, 10 Answers
        • Question 1
        • Question 2
        • Question 3
        • Question 4
        • Question 5
        • Question 6
        • Question 7
        • Question 8
        • Question 9
        • Question 10
      • Marine Litter-Infographic
    • North Sea
      • Seegrass in the Wadden Sea
      • Taking a stroll through the underwater woods
      • Infographic Invasive Species
      • Food source and treasure trove
    • Arctic Ocean
      • Oceanographic measurements at the 79°North Glacier
      • Tiny algae, hugely resilient
    • Polar Predictions
      • Six questions we always wanted to ask a climate modeler
      • Interview
    • Ice Sheets
      • Infographics Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf
      • Hot-Water Drilling
      • E-mails from the Filchner Ice Shelf
      • New Ice Radar
      • Ice really is a hot commodity
      • Greenland's Ice Conveyor Belt
  • Expedition
    • Ships
      • Polarstern
        • The symbol of german polar research
        • Interview with a capitain of the Polarstern
        • Chronicle
        • Weekly Reports Polarstern
          • Archive of Weekly Reports from RV Polarstern
      • Heincke
      • Uthörn
      • Mya II
      • More Ships
    • Stations
      • Neumayer Station III
        • Working and living in Antarctica
        • Georg von Neumayer
        • Construction of Neumayer Station III
        • Webcam
        • Library in the Ice
      • AWIPEV Arctic Research Base
        • the Koldewey Aerosol Raman Lidar
      • Kohnen Station
      • Island Samoylov
      • Dallmann Laboratory
      • Drescher Ice Camp
    • Aircraft
      • Polar 5 + 6
    • Laboratories
      • Ice Core Laboratories
      • Proxy Laboratory
      • NMR laboratory
      • C-14 lab
    • Observatories
      • Ocean: FRAM
        • FRAM-Geraete en
      • Water: Cosyna
      • Air: Meteorology
      • On land: Geophysics
    • Centre for Scientific Diving
    • Info for expeditions
    • Information Systems
    • Cruise Planning
  • Work + Study
    • AWI as an employer
      • Reasons to join AWI
      • Career and prospects
        • Postdocs
        • Apprentices
        • Administration and infrastructure
      • Our staff
      • Work-life balance
        • Reconciliation of work and care
        • Flexible childcare
        • The holiday programme
        • Creché
      • Equal Opportunities
      • International Staff and Guests
      • Life around AWI
        • List/Sylt
        • Helgoland
        • Potsdam
        • Bremerhaven
      • Information on employment
        • Board of Appeal under the General Equal Treatment Act
        • Holiday
        • Working hours
        • Pay
    • Postdocs
      • Junior Research Groups
      • Career and prospects
      • Research support
    • Out of university
      • As PhD student
        • PhD Representatives
      • For graduate theses
      • As trainee
      • As student assistant
      • As university lecturer
      • As scholar
    • Apprentice
      • Vocational training professions
        • Biology lab assistant
        • Chemistry lab assistant
        • Clerk for office management
        • IT system integration specialist
        • IT application development specialist
        • Media and information services specialist
        • Industrial mechanic (Bremerhaven and Helgoland)
        • Plant mechanic for sanitary, heating and air conditioning systems
      • Career and Perspectives
      • Awards
      • How to apply
    • Out of school
      • Future Day
      • as Trainee
      • as Volunteer
        • General information
        • Our FÖJ Positions
      • as HIGHSEA Scholar
        • HS Teachers
        • HS Scientists
        • HS Admission
          • HS Admission Procedure - School Report
          • HS Admission Procedure - Interview
      • as Teacher
        • OPENSEA Helgoland
    • Jobs
      • Job Offer
      • How to apply
  • About Us
    • Organisation
      • Profile
        • Mission Statement
      • Organisation chart
        • Organisation Chart Staff Units
        • Legal Department
      • Management
        • Board of Governors
        • Scientific Council
        • Scientific Advisory Board
          • Login Scientific Advisory Board
      • Staff Units
      • Communications and Media Relations
      • Purchasing
      • National and international offices
      • Cooperations
      • Friends of the AWI
      • Alfred Wegener
    • Sites
      • Bremerhaven
        • Site
          • Expedition history
        • Institute Management
      • Potsdam
        • Site
        • Periglacial Research
        • Atmospheric Physics
        • Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems
      • Helgoland
        • Visiting Scientists
          • Individual guest scientist stays
            • News
          • University Courses
          • Centre of Excellence NF-POGO
            • POGO SCHOLARS 2016
            • POGO SCHOLARS 2017
            • POGO SCHOLARS 2018
            • Eligibility and Prospects
        • Service
          • Centre for Scientific Diving
          • Shipping of Biota
        • Buildings
      • Sylt
        • Wadden Sea Station
          • Conference Rooms
          • List Oyster Trail
          • Team
        • Guest houses
        • Guest Research and Courses
          • Visiting Scientists
        • Events
          • Guided Tours
    • Logistics
      • Proposals
        • Advisory Board Neumayer
      • Schedules
      • Freight handling
        • Customs
        • Port Warehouse
      • Information for Expedition Participants
    • Service
      • Contact
      • Events
        • Event Management
        • Art and Science
        • Event Highlights
        • Cooperation
        • Guided Tours
      • Media centre
      • Press
        • Archive
        • Blogs of Alfred Wegener Institut
      • Research Support
      • Computing Centre
        • Data Flow Framework
        • Services for guests and visitors
        • Data + Products
      • Library
        • AWI Journal Subscriptions
      • Archive for German Polar Research
        • Guide to Holdings
        • Archive Related Publications
        • Introductory Literature
        • Links
    • Publications
      • Scientific publications
      • Scientific Data
      • Brochures and Reports
      • Infographics
      • Reports on Polar and Marine Research
        • Further particulars for the compilation of the reports
        • Other expeditions, abstracts, proceedings
        • Dissertations
        • Cumulative Dissertation
    • Transfer
      • Technology transfer
      • Knowledge Transfer
      • Arctic Office
      • Climate Office
      • North Sea Office
      • IPCC Office
      • REKLIM
      • EU-PolarNet
        • Main Focus
          • International Integration and Policy Guidance
          • Polar research for science and society
          • Infrastructure, Facilities and Data
          • Interaction with stakeholders
        • Partner
        • News
      • Earth System Knowledge Platform
  • Science
    • Biosciences
      • Bentho-Pelagic Processes
        • Main Research Focus
        • Team
        • Tools
        • Projects
        • Teaching
        • Communication
      • Functional Ecology
        • Main Research Focus
          • Ecosystem Functions
            • Antarctic
            • Arctic
            • North Sea
          • Evolutionary Ecology
            • Crab Lab
          • Rocky Shore Ecology
            • Species Interactions
            • Influence of global warming
            • Marine Litter
        • Team
        • Teaching & Outreach
      • Integrative Ecophysiology
        • Main Research Focus
          • Biophysics (NMR)
          • Molecular physiology
          • Cellphysiology
          • Ionregulation
        • Team
      • Marine Biogeoscience
        • Main Research Focus
          • Proxy Development
            • Geochemical Analyses
            • Biomineralization
            • Benthic Foraminifers
          • Mathematical modelling
            • Modelling and feedbacks of biogeochemical cycles
            • Modelling on cellular level
            • HGF Young Investigator Group MarESys
          • Phytoplankton Ecophysiology
            • Phytochange
        • Team
        • Teaching&Outreach
        • Tools
          • Culturing facilities and laboratories
            • Laboratory Equipment
          • Proxy Laboratory
            • ICP-MS facility
        • Events
      • Coastal Ecology
        • Working Groups
          • WG Coastal Geology
            • AMIN
            • STENCIL
            • SASHA
            • HANS
            • HOW
            • IMCOAST
            • LABS
            • PaleoElbe
          • WG Ecosystem Analysis
          • WG Long-term Ecology
            • Research topics
          • WG Community & Evolutionary Ecology
            • Team
            • Research highlight: Evolutionary Ecology
            • Research Highlight: Community Ecology
        • Team
        • Wadden Sea Station
        • Visiting Scientists
        • Events
          • Workshops
            • Food web models in politics and management
          • Courses
            • Food Web Analysis - From sample to model
      • Shelf Sea System Ecology
        • Main Research Focus
          • European oyster
          • Marine Aquaculture
          • Micro plastic
          • COSYNA
            • Underwater Node Helgoland
            • Underwater node Spitsbergen
        • Working Groups
          • Marine Aquaculture
          • In situ Ecology
          • Microbial Ecology
            • Methane
            • Pathogenes
            • Microplastics
            • Spring Algal Blooms
          • Food Web
          • Long-term observations (LTO)
            • Helgoland Roads Co-operations
            • LTER NEWS@HELGOLAND ROADS
            • Helgoland Roads Phytoplankton
            • Helgoland Roads Zooplankton
        • Team
        • About Helgoland
          • About Helgoland
          • Teachings
      • Ecological Chemistry
        • Main Research Focus
          • Chemical Ecology of Marine Protists
            • Phycotoxins
            • Plankton Ecology
            • Eco-evolutionary Genomics & Molecular Ecology
          • Marine Chemistry
            • Team
            • Research
            • Education
            • Tools
          • Secundary Metabolites and Cellular Signaling
          • Cell Biology and Toxicology
        • Team
        • Expeditions
        • Projects
        • Tools
          • UME
      • Polar Biological Oceanography
        • Main Research Focus
          • Hustedt Diatom Study Centre
            • 50 years Hustedt Collection
            • Diatom collection
            • Database
            • Research
            • SHERPA
            • Friedrich Hustedt
          • Sea ice ecology and sea ice biogeochemistry
          • Molecular Sea Ice Ecology
            • ISE-G 2018 en
          • Phyto- and protistplankton ecology in the Southern Ocean
          • Ecophysiology of pelagic key species
            • Scientific Approach
            • Implementation
            • Projects
            • Team
            • Jobs
          • Arctic Zooplankton
          • Molecular Biodiversity of Eukaryotic Microbes
            • Technology
            • Scientific approach
            • Projects
            • Team
          • Arctic plankton ecology and related sedimentary flux
            • PEBCAO
          • Particle dynamics
        • Team
        • Teaching&Outreach
      • Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology
        • Team
        • Research
          • Food for the deep sea
          • Microbial communities in the deep sea
            • ABYSS
          • Higher life at the deep seafloor
          • Experimental work at the deep seafloor
        • Projects / Cooperations
          • EU-Projekte
          • HGF-Projects
          • ESFRI Projects
          • BMBF Projects
          • Further Projects
        • Technology
          • Biogeochemical Sensors
          • Pressure tank
          • Foto/Video Systems
          • Flying Drones
          • Free-falling Systems
          • Mobile pelagic Systems
          • Mobile benthic Systems
          • Autonomous Crawler NOMAD
          • Sediment Samplers
          • Moorings
          • Water Sampler
        • Observatories
          • LTER Observatory HAUSGARTEN
          • FRAM Ocean Observing System
        • Publications
        • Data
    • Geosciences
      • Geophysics
        • Research Focus
          • Transition from Cretaceous Greenhouse to Tertiary Icehouse
          • Development and dynamics of ice sheets
            • West Antarctic Ice Sheet
            • Greenland West
            • Greenland East
            • Ant_Peninsula
          • North Atlantic Deepwater and its precursors
          • Observatories, long-term measurements
            • Seismology
            • Geomagnetics
            • Infrasound
          • Formation of the Arctic Basin
            • Ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges
          • Gateways of the Southern Ocean
          • Large Igneous Provinces
          • Bathymetric Compilations
        • Team
        • Methods and Tools
          • Bathymetry
          • Multibeam
          • High-resolution seismics
          • Sediment echosounder
          • Reflection seismology
          • Streamer
          • Refraction seismology
          • Seismic Sources
          • Passive Seismology
            • Seismology in subpolar oceans
            • Seismology on drifting sea ice
          • Ocean-bottom seismometer
            • DEPAS
            • Application
            • Technology
            • Costs
            • Schedule
            • Projects
            • Publications
          • Seismic land stations
          • Gravity Surveying
          • Gravimeters
          • Magnetic surveying
          • Magnetometers
          • Physical properties
          • MSCL
        • Expeditions
      • Glaciology
        • Main Research Focus
          • Field Glaciology
          • Mass balance studies
            • Ice Core Drilling
            • Microstructure of Ice
            • Paleoclimate Research
          • Ice Sheet Modelling
          • Remote sensing
        • Tools
          • IceCT
          • Ice core laboratories
          • Fabric Analyser
          • Remote Sensing
          • Microstructure Mapping
          • Numerical Modelling
          • Radar
          • Raman Spectroscopy
          • Seismics
        • Education and Teaching
        • Team
        • Field campaigns
        • Projects
          • Beyond EPICA - Oldest Ice
        • Awards
      • Permafrost Research
        • ICRSS
        • Main Research Focus
          • Permafrost Modelling
          • Energy - and Waterbalance
            • news
            • test sites
            • methods
            • Team
          • Permafrost landscapes
          • Coastal Permafrost
          • Submarine permafrost
          • Permafrost Archives
        • Team
        • Teaching and Education
        • Laboratories
        • Stations
          • Samoylov
          • Herschel Island
        • Projects
          • MOSES
          • Nunataryuk
          • ACD
          • PAGE21
          • CarboPerm
          • GTN-P
          • Lake E
      • Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems
        • Research Foci
          • Arctic Lake System Dynamics
          • Earth System Diagnostics
            • Team
            • Latest Research
            • Projects [en]
          • High-latitude Biodiversity
          • High-latitude Vegetation Change
          • Past Climate Change
        • Staff
        • Labs and Methods
          • Paleogenetic Lab
          • Stable Isotopes Lab
          • Micropaleontology Lab
          • Methods for Arctic Lake Research
          • Methods for Arctic Vegetation Analysis
          • Remote Sensing Methods
          • Model development
        • Teaching and Education
        • Projects
      • Marine Geochemistry
        • Overarching themes
        • Research themes
          • Particle fluxes
            • Natural radioactivity and GEOTRACES
          • Climate relevant gases
          • solute fluxes
          • Biogeochemical processes
          • Age and origin of sediment components
          • Validation and application of paleoenvironmental proxies
            • Organic proxies
          • Development of in situ sampling and analytical equipment
          • transport reaction modelling _ early diagenetic overprint
        • Team
        • Tools
          • Equipment
          • Sampling equipment
            • Sediment trap
            • suspended particles
          • Methods
            • pore water sampling with rhizons
          • Expeditions
        • MICADAS
          • Technology
            • EA - Elemenal analyzer
            • AGE
            • CHS
            • GIS
            • Vacuum line
            • PFC
          • Sample processing
        • Projects
      • Marine Geology
        • Main Research Focus
        • Team
        • Tools
        • Projects
        • Teaching & Education
        • Publications
    • Climate Sciences
      • Climate Dynamics
        • Research
        • Methods
        • Projects
        • Education
        • Outreach
        • Team
      • Polar Meteorology
        • Main Research Focus
          • Boundary layer processes
            • Modelling
          • Clouds, Precipitation and Modelling
            • The Role of Turbulence in Drop Collisions
            • Treatment of Clouds in Atmospheric Models
          • Methane
          • Long term observatory
          • Polarstern Meteorology
          • WRMC - BSRN
          • Earth Observing Systems
          • Campaigns
            • ACLOUD
            • Campaigns
            • STABLE
            • AirMeth
            • JASPER 2010
            • MELTEX-I
            • MELTEX-II
            • SASKOS
        • Team
      • Paleoclimate Dynamics
        • Research Focus
        • Tools
        • Projects
        • Publications
        • Teaching&Outreach
        • Team
        • Heinrich Award
      • Atmospheric Physics
        • Climate Modelling
        • Aerosols & Clouds
        • Atmospheric Chemistry
        • Projects
          • @AWIPEV
          • (AC)3
          • CliC Arctic CORDEX
          • MOSAiC
          • QUARCCS
          • StratoClim
          • REKLIM
      • Physical Oceanography
        • Main Research Focus
          • Circulation in the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas
            • Physikalische Ozeanographie des arktischen Ozeans
          • Southern Ocean - Overturning Circulation
            • The southern ocean - circulation
          • Interaction of ocean and shelf ice
            • Ozean-Schelfeis Wechselwirkung
          • Ocean Acoustics Lab
          • Ocean Optics
            • Research Topics
            • Projects
            • Publications
            • Cooperation Partners
            • Team
        • Team
        • Projects
          • MIDO
          • RACE
          • ARCGATE
          • Bi-Polar Carbon + Tracers
          • CARBOCHANGE
          • FISP
          • DASH
          • Phytooptics
        • Instruments
          • CTD Instrument and Water Sampler
          • Transportable Helicopter - CTD
            • Transportable Helicopter - CTD
          • Floats
          • Gliders
          • Oceanography mooring systems
          • Ice-Tethered Profiler
          • Tiefsee Yoyo
            • Detaillierte Beschreibung
            • Bildserie zum Aussetzen der Jojo-Verankerung
          • Underwater winch
            • Performance report
          • Precision Salinometer System
            • Measurement Principle
        • Long Term Observations
          • Longterm Observation Antarctic
            • Technology and Logistics
            • Results
            • Data
            • Expeditions
            • Publications
          • Long-Term Observations Arctic
            • Fram Strait
            • Central Arctic
            • Observing systems
        • Teaching
      • Sea Ice Physics
        • Main Research Foci
          • Sea Ice Thickness - Mass Balance
          • Engergy Budgets
            • Albedo
            • Transmission
            • Recent Results
          • Sustainalbility Studies
          • Freshwater fluxes
          • Snow on Sea Ice
          • Forecast of sea ice properties
        • Team
        • Tools
          • Aircraft based observations
          • Vessel based observations
          • Remote Sensing
          • Modell Simulations
          • Earth System Models
          • Data Assimilation
        • Projects
          • AFIN: Antarctic Fast Ice Network
          • ESA Climate Change Initiative
          • IceArc: Arctic Ice Climate and Economics
          • NETCARE – Arctic study of Short-Lived Climate Pollutants
            • NETCARE Summer Campaign
            • PAMARCMIP 2015
          • SPICES
          • Transdrift: Arctic Ice-Ocean-Interaction
    • Junior Groups
      • COPER
      • ECOTRACE
        • Research
          • Inorganics in organics
          • Iron limitation and cycling
          • Grazers impact on Fe biogeochemistry
          • Phytoplankton community dynamics
          • Beyond iron: vitamins, zinc and cobalt
          • Role of light and CO2 in phytoplankton succession
          • Fe-Mn Limitation
        • Laboratory
        • Expeditions
        • Projects
        • Cooperations
      • ECUS
        • Team
        • Latest Research
      • Iceflux
        • Publications
        • Team
      • The effect of deformation mechanisms for ice sheet dynamics
      • PALICE
        • International Cooperations
        • Methods
        • Working areas
      • Peta-Carb
        • Team
        • Results
        • Carbon
        • Remote Sensing
        • Expeditions
          • Central-Alaska-2017-03
          • SoboSiseBykovsky-2016-08
          • Bykovsky-April-2017
          • Alaska-2016-08
          • ICOP 2016
          • SoboSiseBykovsky-2015-08
          • Alaska-2015-07
          • Alaska-2014-04
          • Alaska-2014-08
          • Central-Yakutia-2015-03
          • SoboSiseBykovsky-2014-08
        • News
        • PETA-CARB in the Media
        • Cooperations
      • SEAPUMP
        • Team
        • Research
          • Carbon export
          • Aggregate Processes
          • Zooplankton grazing on aggregates
        • Ship Cruises
      • PlanktoSERV
        • Project Structure
        • Analytical Techniques
        • Job Offers
        • Publications
      • SSIP
      • SPACE
        • Team
      • PermaRisk
        • News
        • Modelling
    • Special Groups
      • Scientific Computing
        • Data Assimilation
          • PDAF - Parallel Data Assimilation Framework
          • Data Assimilation Publications
        • Bioinformatics
          • Software
            • PhyloGena
          • Publications
          • User support
        • C3-Grid
          • The common scenario
          • The C3-Grid scenario
          • C3 Architecture
          • User Scenario
          • Participants
        • High-Performance Computing
          • BremHLR
          • Computers/Hardware
          • DKRZ
        • Tsunami
      • Scientific Diving
        • News from the CSD
        • Course Reports
        • Locations and Facilities
        • Who can Dive at the AWI?
        • Scientific Projects
        • Publications
        • MarGate
        • Biota order
        • Diver support
        • The use of small boats
        • Licence refreshment
        • Scientific Diver
        • Supervisor for Scientific Diver
        • Information for Project Partner
        • Special courses
        • Members our study group
        • Contact
      • Bionics
        • Research Focus
          • Basic Research
          • Applied Research
          • Contract Research / Industrial Projects
        • Projects
          • Secucell
          • Good Vibrations
          • Sensor E-Plus
          • Material Research
          • Bionic Bike
            • Bionics
        • Team
        • Education & Communication
          • Education
          • Communication
          • Publications
        • Tools
          • Bionics
            • Bionics
            • Bionics
          • Bionics
          • Bionics
          • Bionics
        • ELiSE
      • Aquaculture
        • Aquaculture Research
          • Projects
            • GamFood
            • N-out of Aquaculture
            • SUSAQUA II
            • TRUE
            • CAMAFAN
            • RecAl
            • SONAQUA
            • MaNaKa
            • IDeA
            • FiT
            • AcOMaCS
            • AquaMoNa
            • TRAMIS
            • NikoDe
            • InSuZa
            • Completed Projects
          • Team
          • Centre for Aquaculture Research (ZAF)
          • Partner
          • Topics
            • RAS Technology
            • Sustainable Nutrition
            • Invertebrates
            • Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture
            • Microalgae
          • Impact
            • Publications
            • Poster / Presentation
            • Press
            • Teaching
          • Events
        • Marine Aquaculture
          • Key topics
            • Offshore aquaculture
            • Candidate species
            • IMTA
            • Recirculation aquaculture systems
            • Social Dimension of Aquaculture
          • Team
          • Research
            • GAIN
            • Mak-Pak
            • Co-Use
            • MUSES
            • BAQUA
            • Neuseeland Muschel Aquakultur
            • BioDiv
            • BlueChange
            • OceanGov
            • OPP COST-Action
            • Selected finished projects
          • Education
          • Infrastructure
      • Arctic Office
      • REKLIM
      • Climate Office
        • seaiceportal.de
        • Gateway to the Arctic
        • Maritimes Zentrum Elbinseln
        • Klimastadt Bremerhaven
        • ClimateXperience
          • Competition short stories
          • Exhibition St. Stephani, Bremen
          • Stage play Coleoptera
          • Exhibition Europaschule Utbremen
        • Miscellaneous projects and activities
        • Internship at the climate office for polar regions and sea level rise
      • North Sea Office
        • Research Highlight: Community Ecology
        • Research highlight: Evolutionary Ecology
        • Team
      • ESKP English version
    • Research infrastructure
    • Research Program
      • Research Unit 1a
      • Research Unit 2
      • Research Unit 3
      • Research Unit 4
      • Research Unit 5
    • Long Term Observations
      • NEWS Archive
      • LTO Events
        • IOC-UNESCO Trends PO workshop
        • symposium_high_through_put_methods
          • Molecular methods
          • Global time series resources
          • Abstracts
      • Atmosphere
        • Arctic (AWIPEV)
          • Surface Meteorology
            • Long-term Meteorology
          • Surface Radiation
            • Long-term Observation of Surface Radiation
          • Radiosondes
            • Long-term Upper-Air Meteorology
          • Ozone sounding
          • stratospheric water vapour
          • LIDAR
        • Antarctic (Neumayer)
          • Meteorology
            • Met-Lab Photo Gallery
            • No easy job... (series of pictures)
            • Backscatter profiles
            • Ozone
          • Air Chemistry
            • Technical aspects
            • Scientific program
            • Results
            • Automatic aerosol sampling at Kohnen
        • Polarstern
          • Synoptic Observations
            • Code
          • Upper Air Soundings
          • continuous
            • Sensors
          • Ceilometer
        • Automatic Weather Stations
          • Søråsen
          • Filchner
      • Biology
        • North Sea
        • Arctic
        • Antarctic Biology
    • Data + Products
    • Knowledge Transfer
    • Technology Transfer
      • Technology Transfer - Offers to the private sector
        • AWI Patent for kill-free caviar production
      • Technology Transfer - From Research to commercial Application
        • Commercialisation Pathways
        • spin-offs
      • The Technology Transfer Office
      • TTO Team
    • Awards and honours
    • Good Scientific Practice
  • Imprint
  • Contact
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Logo Alfred Wegener Institut

de en

Alfred-Wegener-Institut
Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-
und Meeresforschung

Deutsch English

  • Jobs
  • Media
  • Contact
  • Imprint
  • Data Protection
    • Home
    • Focus
      • Ocean Acidification
      • Sea ice
      • Permafrost
      • Marine Litter
      • North Sea
      • Arctic Ocean
      • Polar Predictions
      • Ice Sheets
    • Expedition
      • Ships
        • Polarstern
        • Heincke
        • Uthörn
        • Mya II
        • More Ships
      • Stations
        • Neumayer Station III
        • AWIPEV Arctic Research Base
        • Kohnen Station
        • Island Samoylov
        • Dallmann Laboratory
        • Drescher Ice Camp
      • Aircraft
        • Polar 5 + 6
      • Laboratories
        • Ice Core Laboratories
        • Proxy Laboratory
        • NMR laboratory
        • C-14 lab
      • Observatories
        • Ocean: FRAM
        • Water: Cosyna
        • Air: Meteorology
        • On land: Geophysics
      • Centre for Scientific Diving
      • Info for
        expeditions
      • Information Systems
      • Cruise
        Planning
    • Work + Study
      • AWI as an employer
        • Reasons to join AWI
        • Career and prospects
        • Our staff
        • Work-life balance
        • Equal Opportunities
        • International Staff and Guests
        • Life around AWI
        • Information on employment
      • Postdocs
        • Junior Research Groups
        • Career and prospects
        • Research support
      • Out of university
        • As PhD student
        • For graduate theses
        • As trainee
        • As student assistant
        • As university lecturer
        • As scholar
      • Apprentice
        • Vocational training professions
        • Career and Perspectives
        • Awards
        • How to apply
      • Out of school
        • Future Day
        • as Trainee
        • as Volunteer
        • as HIGHSEA Scholar
        • as Teacher
      • Jobs
        • Job Offer
        • How to apply
    • About Us
      • Organisation
        • Profile
        • Organisation chart
        • Management
        • Staff Units
        • Communications and Media Relations
        • Purchasing
        • National and international offices
        • Cooperations
        • Friends of the AWI
        • Alfred Wegener
      • Sites
        • Bremerhaven
        • Potsdam
        • Helgoland
        • Sylt
      • Logistics
        • Proposals
        • Schedules
        • Freight handling
        • Information for Expedition Participants
      • Service
        • Contact
        • Events
        • Media centre
        • Press
        • Research Support
        • Computing Centre
        • Library
        • Archive for German Polar Research
      • Publications
        • Scientific publications
        • Scientific Data
        • Brochures and Reports
        • Infographics
        • Reports on Polar and Marine Research
      • Transfer
        • Technology transfer
        • Knowledge Transfer
        • Arctic Office
        • Climate Office
        • North Sea Office
        • IPCC Office
        • REKLIM
        • EU-PolarNet
        • Earth System Knowledge Platform
    • Science
      • Biosciences
        • Bentho-Pelagic Processes
        • Functional Ecology
        • Integrative Ecophysiology
        • Marine Biogeoscience
        • Coastal Ecology
        • Shelf Sea System Ecology
        • Ecological Chemistry
        • Polar Biological Oceanography
        • Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology
      • Geosciences
        • Geophysics
        • Glaciology
        • Permafrost Research
        • Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems
        • Marine Geochemistry
        • Marine Geology
      • Climate Sciences
        • Climate Dynamics
        • Polar Meteorology
        • Paleoclimate Dynamics
        • Atmospheric Physics
        • Physical Oceanography
        • Sea Ice Physics
      • Junior Groups
        • COPER
        • ECOTRACE
        • ECUS
        • Iceflux
        • The effect of deformation mechanisms for ice sheet dynamics
        • PALICE
        • Peta-Carb
        • SEAPUMP
        • PlanktoSERV
        • SSIP
        • SPACE
        • PermaRisk
      • Special Groups
        • Scientific Computing
        • Scientific Diving
        • Bionics
        • Aquaculture
        • Arctic Office
        • REKLIM
        • Climate Office
        • North Sea Office
        • ESKP English version
      • Research
        infrastructure
      • Research
        Program
        • Research Unit 1a
        • Research Unit 2
        • Research Unit 3
        • Research Unit 4
        • Research Unit 5
      • Long Term Observations
        • NEWS Archive
        • LTO Events
        • Atmosphere
        • Biology
      • Data +
        Products
      • Knowledge Transfer
      • Technology Transfer
        • Technology Transfer - Offers to the private sector
        • Technology Transfer - From Research to commercial Application
        • The Technology Transfer Office
        • TTO Team
      • Awards and honours
      • Good Scientific Practice
    • Home
    • // Science
    • // Climate Sciences
    • // Physical Oceanography
    • // Main Research Focus
    • // Ocean Optics
    • // Publications

    Publications

    Books

    Peer-reviewed articles

    Non-peer reviewed articles

    Theses

    Invited talks

    Other talks

    Posters

    Last update: 05.10.2016
    Alfred-Wegener-Institut
    Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-
    und Meeresforschung
    • Focus
      • Ocean Acidification
      • Sea ice
      • Permafrost
      • Marine Litter
      • North Sea
      • Arctic Ocean
      • Polar Predictions
      • Ice Sheets
    • Expedition
      • Research Vessel and cutter
      • Stations
      • Aircraft
      • Laboratories
      • Observatories
      • Centre for Scientific Diving
      • Info for expeditions
      • Information Systems
      • Cruise Planning
    • Work + Study
      • AWI as an employer
      • Postdocs
      • Out of university
      • Apprentice
      • Out of school
      • Jobs
    • About Us
      • Organisation
      • Sites
      • Logistics
      • Service
      • Publications
      • Transfer
    • Science
      • Biosciences
      • Geosciences
      • Climate Sciences
      • Junior Groups
      • Special Groups
      • Research infrastructure
      • Research Program
      • Long Term Observations
      • Data | Scientific Products | Information Systems
      • Knowledge Transfer
      • Technology Transfer
      • Awards and honours
      • Good Scientific Practice
    • Direct to
      • Technology Transfer
      • Archive of German Polar Research
      • Library
      • Job offers
      • media centre
    • Contact
    • Imprint
    • Privacy protection
    • Sitemap
    © Alfred-Wegener-Institut