summer insolation forces meltwater discharge from the ice sheets into the polar seas which subsequently enhances formation of sea ice during the winter. In the second case, growth of continental ice enhances [...] Heinrich events and their signature in the North Atlantic. Dear Hartmut, we have largely benefited from your unexpected finding of ice rafted debris in the North Atlantic Ocean. It inspired many researchers [...] our section. Go to: Home Research focus Tools Projects Publications Teaching & Outreach Team Deep-sea sediment cores recovered from the Northeast Atlantic Ocean were examined in order to elucidate the

floe: the sea ice in which the research vessel Polarstern is now drifting through the Arctic was formed off the coast of the archipelago, which separates the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea to the north [...] north of Siberia, in December 2018. Sediments, and even small pebbles and bivalves, were incorporated into the ice during the freezing process, which the on-going melting process has brought to light on

important ones were the Laurentide Ice Sheet on North America, the Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice Sheet on Svalbard and on the subaerially exposed Barents Sea as well as the East Siberia-Chukchi Ice Sheet. During [...] sheets reached far into the Arctic Ocean, and signs of glacial overprint can be found as far north as at the North Pole. Many studies have shown that the onset of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation started [...] interest due to their sensitive response to global warming. Melting ice sheets would cause a significant sea-level rise which, in turn, would severely threaten low-lying coastal areas. In order to better understand

mesocosm experiments with North Sea plankton to understand how global change impacts planktonic food webs on different organisational levels (individual, population, and community) North Sea plankton Asterionellopsis [...] interactions, and are characterized by strong spatio-temporal dynamics. The characterization of Shelf Sea food webs is our central aim. By using field and experimental approaches, we address the effects of

Extreme sea surface temperatures in 2023 resulted in high CO₂ outgassing, particularly in the North Atlantic, meaning that the global ocean absorbed less CO₂ overall. Thanks to El Niño, much less CO₂ than [...] than usual escaped into the atmosphere in the eastern Pacific, but the outgassing in the North Atlantic negated the positive effect. The fact that the ocean did not lose even more CO₂ is due to physical

future projection experiments (e.g., sea ice outlook).We have been developed data assimilation system which exploits observed sea ice concentration, ice thickness and sea ice drift obtained from satellite [...] successfully applied to North Atlantic/Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Model (NAOSIM) developed at the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). We are currently working to apply the systems to Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM2) [...] fields”, which are a set of ocean and sea ice variables optimally combining observations and a model. The analysis fields are applied for a variety of ocean and sea ice studies in the Arctic Ocean, and

on the development and testing of possible ways to reestablish the native oyster in the German North Sea. All restoration measures are implemented under consideration of the IUCN Standards , the International [...] News Publications & Downloads RESTORE Project: Restoration of European oyster stocks in the German North Sea Find out more SKATE Project: Restoration of native skate species in the German Bight – Developing [...] reefs and the ecological impact of a CO2 removal technique on benthic filter feeders Find out more North Sea Office Knowledge transfer: Research and advisory centre on environmental research at the AWI Find

temperatures for multiple years along the Greenwich meridian from North (left) to South (right). Vertical extent from the sea surface (top) to the sea floor (white). Fig. 8: Ocean temperatures near the ocean bottom [...] rn-most extent of the Weddell Gyre, where at least some of the AABW is believed to escape to the North. Along with (electronic) CTD measurements, water samples are collected throughout the water column [...] and carbon constituents. Measurements of Total CO 2 in the Surface and Bottom Waters of the Weddell Sea, reveal a steady CO 2 increase, of likely anthropogenic origin, as surface water, charged with ant

farmed using an extensive fixed off-bottom longline technique in the Baltic Sea as well as in tanks in the North Sea. Sea Lettuce Sea Lettuce Ulva spp. are edible green seaweeds that are used in foods, feeds [...] stops to prevent barotrauma of the fish. The sea bass can tolerate temperatures in the North Sea, but the average temperature of 10 ° C in the North Sea is below its optimum temperature range for growth [...] from the upper subtidal of the rocky coasts of the Atlantic from Greenland to Portugal and the North Sea. It is traditionally eaten dried in France, Ireland, Iceland and Canada, and is a source of minerals

the Larsen C Ice Shelf. Since dense sea ice and ice ridges blocked the planned route, the ship has now set course for alternative research sites further to the north.