morteza.salahi@awi.de
+49 (0) 4651 956 4216

established at the North Sea coast (98) than at the Baltic Sea coast (65). In the North Sea these comprised particularly marine macroalgae, bryozoans and tunicates, while in the Baltic Sea Ponto-Caspian amphipods [...] _the_Dutch_part_of_the_North_Sea_and_coastal_waters_of_the_Netherlands_Bryozoa www.researchgate.net/publication/297380674_Moss_animals_of_the_Dutch_part_of_the_North_Sea_and_coastal_waters_of_ [...] _the_Dutch_part_of_the_North_Sea_and_coastal_waters_of_the_Netherlands_Bryozoa www.researchgate.net/publication/297380674_Moss_animals_of_the_Dutch_part_of_the_North_Sea_and_coastal_waters_of_

Jennifer.Dannheim@awi.de
+49 471 4831-1734
, Bremerhaven

completing survival training—including a night on the sea ice—we embarked on our mission at Arrival Heights near McMurdo Station. Cutting through 1.7 meters of sea ice revealed a fascinating underwater ecosystem [...] carbon and Silicate cycle of a Changing Antarctic (SPONGESCAN) Cutting entrance and safety holes in the sea ice. (Photo: Erik Wurtz) Heated tent over the dive hole. (Photo: Erik Wurtz) Lander system above the [...] prevent the system from the destructive long-term impact of saltwater, cold temperatures, storms, sea-ice and icebergs for almost 6 years. Meanwhile some steel components were more or less gone due to

temperatures from Boike et al. (2015). 3 Study area 3.1 The Lena River delta At its mouth in the Laptev Sea, the Lena River forms one of the largest deltas in the Arctic, covering around 25 000 km2. Continuous [...] delta was created in a continental setting before and during the transi- tion to the Holocene when the sea level was lower and the gradient of the Lena River steeper than today. It therefore features coarse-grained [...] qualitative way. The site has experienced significant warm- ing most likely related to changes in the sea ice conditions in the past 50 years, and Günther et al. (2015) document ground subsidence rates of

Area The study region covers an area of approx. 6500 km² in Alaska’s North Slope Territory including 5 observational sites, from north to south West Dock, Deadhorse/Prudhoe Bay, Franklin Bluffs, Sagwon and [...] about snow cover is necessary, since snow covers the ground for up to 9 months per year in Alaska’s North Slope. In addition to that, spatial and seasonal variability of snow cover can lead to large uncertainties [...] part 2 - requirements . . . . . . 1015 4.2.1 Ground heat flux . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.2 Land-sea-fraction . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.3 MODIS data gaps . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 Results 11 5.1

dynamics of glaciers and ice sheets Floating Ice: sea, river, and lake ice Seasonal snow cover Changing permafrost Polar coastlines Oceanography of polar seas Hydrology of inland waters Polar land cover and [...] Symposium was first held in Yellowknife, Canada in 1990 and since then it has alternated between North American and Europe on a biennial basis. It grew from the often-expressed need for exchange of information

MAT252 Sercon-2020 δ 30 Si δ 18 O (diatoms, radiolarians, sponge ferrules) Reconstruction of polar sea surface salinity changes and meltwater events (δ 18 O) Efficiency of the biological pump (δ 30 Si) [...] measurement of stable carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in waters from the polar seas is routinely carried out in our laboratories. This parameter is being determined via a GasBench Plus [...] supply of nutrient silicon and its use in polar and subpolar ocean regions (e.g. Southern Ocean, North Pacific) can be reconstructed on geological time scales. For the measurements, pure diatom-, radiolarian-

MAT252 Sercon-2020 δ 30 Si δ 18 O (diatoms, radiolarians, sponge ferrules) Reconstruction of polar sea surface salinity changes and meltwater events (δ 18 O) Efficiency of the biological pump (δ 30 Si) [...] measurement of stable carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in waters from the polar seas is routinely carried out in our laboratories. This parameter is being determined via a GasBench Plus [...] supply of nutrient silicon and its use in polar and subpolar ocean regions (e.g. Southern Ocean, North Pacific) can be reconstructed on geological time scales. For the measurements, pure diatom-, radiolarian-

Bracher A. (2013) Photophysiological state of natural phytoplankton communities in the South China Sea and Sulu Sea. Biogeosciences Discuss., 10, 12115-12153, doi:10.5194/bgd-9-4727-2012. Wetzel G., Oelhaf H [...] Sidorenko D., Völker C., Ye Y., Zeising M., Hauck J. (2023) Ocean biogeochemistry in the coupled ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1-REcoM3. Geoscientific Model Development: gmd-2023-2. doi [...] (2018) Assessing the influence of optically active constituents on the radiative heating of Laptev Sea surface waters. Extended abstract to Ocean Optics XXIV conference, Dubrovnik, 7 October 2018 - 12 October