Deepwater CDW) can be observed south of the ridge. North of the ridge a westsetting flow is prevailent. Sediment drifts have been formed parallel to and north of the Agulhas Ridge, which indicate the influence [...] (DP), the Scotia Sea, and the Falkland Plateau. The arrows schematically show the present pathways of Upper Circumpolar Deepwater (UCDW), Lower Circumpolar Deepwater (LCDW), Weddell Sea Deep Water (WSDW) [...] IOR= Islas Orcadas Rise, MEB= Maurice Ewing Bank, NGP= North Georgia Passage, SRP= Shag Rock Passage. The opening of Drake Passage and the Scotia Sea enabled the exchange of water masses between the southern

weather in Brandenburg also fluctuates due to long-range atmospheric effects from the Arctic. The north polar seas, coasts and permafrost regions contain unique habitats for people, animals and plants and offer [...] place where very few people notice environmental changes. The polar and sub-polar regions around the North Pole represent an early warning system for global climate change. Hardly any other region in the world

Observatory was initiated in 2012 by installing a remote operated underwater node system about 500m North of Helgoland in the AWI underwater experimental field Margate at 54° 11.700'N / 7° 52.600'E (WGS84) [...] cooperation with the two companies 4HJena and Loth engeneering. Since 2015, the Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries (Hamburg) is part of the COSYNA node consortium. Since 2016, the Helgoland node system is

on board? See Box 2 How long will you be on board? See Box 5 Where will you sail? North Sea Northern Atlantic Arctic Sea See Box 4 See Box 4 How long will you be on board? See Box 2 Box 1 Please make an [...] clearance? Where are you going? Antarctica AWIPEV/Svalbard RV Polarstern/Sea Expeditions to the Arctic or Antarctica Heincke Mya/Aade/Uthörn Sea Expeditions to other destinations (not Heincke, Mya, Uthörn, Aade) [...] during your expedition to: Antarctica AWIPEV/Svalbard RV Polarstern/Sea Expeditions to the Arctic or Antarctica Heincke Mya/Aade/Uthörn Sea Expeditions to other destinations (not Heincke, Mya, Uthörn, Aade)

reproducing the observed Arctic circulation and sea ice development, which is partly due to shortcomings in the representation of physical processes governing air-sea ice-ocean interaction. The improved repr [...] the improved physical representation of polar air-sea ice-ocean interaction on the variability and changes of Arctic atmospheric circulation, Arctic sea ice and mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. Therefore [...] POLEX The linkage between POLar air-sea ice-ocean interaction, Arctic climate change and Northern hemisphere weather and climate EXtremes (POLEX) A Helmholtz - RSF Joint Research Group funded by the Helmholtz

five million people who live atop the permafrost. Entire sections of coastline are washed away by the sea, while elsewhere the ground collapses, which can mean massive damage to buildings and other types of [...] there do to prepare? After all, their future is on the line. But the changes underway in the High North could also spell danger for other regions around the world – because the thawing soils are releasing

upper reaches; with every high tide, additional material is washed in from the direction of the North Sea. In extreme cases, this can cause the height of the riverbed to rise by several metres in just a

Wiegmann , Sonja (2022) Phytoplankton pigment concentrations during POLARSTERN cruise PS121 from North Sea to Fram in August to September 2019. PANGAEA , doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.941011 Bracher

candidates, which can be cultivated under such hydrodynamic and environmental conditions within the North Sea and hold large potentials on the German market. Within the group of bivalves, especially the blue

Koldunov, D. Sein, and T. Jung, 2022: Assessment of the Finite-VolumE Sea ice–Ocean Model (FESOM2.0) – Part 2: Partial bottom cells, embedded sea ice and vertical mixing library CVMix. Geosci. Model Dev. , 15 [...] e.adq7280 . Wang, Q., S. Danilov, and T. Jung, 2024: Arctic freshwater anomaly transiting to the North Atlantic delayed within a buffer zone. Nature Geosci ., 17 , 1218–1221, doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01592-1 [...] Goessling, H.H. Hellmer, D.V. Sein, T. Semmler, D. Sidorenko and T. Jung, 2022: Delayed Antarctic sea-ice decline in high-resolution climate change simulations. Nature Comm. , 13 , 637, doi.org/10