The deep branch of the North Atlantic THC mainly consists of deep-water formed by atmospheric cooling in the Nordic Seas, which overflows the Greenland-Scotland Ridge into the North Atlantic. The Eirik Drift [...] to the poles. The major formation regions of deep and bottom water are the Nordic Seas, the Weddell and the Ross Seas. The Eirik Drift south of Greenland and the Argentine continental margin (red circles) [...] closely downstream of the North Atlantic deep-water formation region and has been shaped by the Western Boundary Undercurrent (WBUC), which constitutes the main part of the deep North Atlantic THC. The sedimentary

MAT252 Sercon-2020 δ 30 Si δ 18 O (diatoms, radiolarians, sponge ferrules) Reconstruction of polar sea surface salinity changes and meltwater events (δ 18 O) Efficiency of the biological pump (δ 30 Si) [...] measurement of stable carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in waters from the polar seas is routinely carried out in our laboratories. This parameter is being determined via a GasBench Plus [...] supply of nutrient silicon and its use in polar and subpolar ocean regions (e.g. Southern Ocean, North Pacific) can be reconstructed on geological time scales. For the measurements, pure diatom-, radiolarian-

Transpolar Drift carries sea ice, fresh water, and suspended matter from the Siberian shelves across the central Arctic towards the Fram Strait channel, which connects to the Nordic Seas. This cross-Arctic flow [...] including microplastics and heavy metals – from Siberian river systems into the central Arctic and the North Atlantic. This material affects Arctic biogeochemistry and ecosystems, while the fresh water itself

endangered species in Europe, and of the oyster reef ecosystem at selected sites in the German North Sea. The following objectives are in focus: Establish a pilot oyster reef in the “Borkum Reef ground” [...] technologies Development of a work frame for further oyster restoration measures in the German North Sea Exclusive Economic Zone (guideline) Pilot tests in the nature reserve “Helgoländer Felssockel” The [...] rates to those in the RESTORE preliminary study ? Are they adapted to the new habitat in the deep North Sea? Do they survive there? When do the oysters reach sexual maturity? In addition to the oysters themselves

RESTORE Restoration of European oyster ( Ostrea edulis ) stocks in the German North Sea Project duration: 2016 – 2025 Within the framework of the testing and development project (german: “Erprobungs- und [...] procedures for sustainable stock restoration of the European oyster Ostrea edulis in the German North Sea are being developed for the first time, as well as implemented and tested in practice on a model [...] develop a comprehensive restoration program aiming to reestablish, at selected sites of the German North Sea, healthy populations of the highly endangered oyster species, as well as the oyster reef ecosystem

Knowledge transfer With the disappearance of the European oyster from the North Sea, general knowledge about this once important for society species has also been lost: Oyster fishery was still considered

PROCEED Restoration of the European Oyster in the German North Sea: Establishment of a sustainable oyster seed production for a long-term restoration program Project duration 2018 – 2025 The European oyster [...] oyster Ostrea edulis , once a widespread native species in the North Sea, is considered functionally extinct in some regions due to intensive fishing. As an ecological key species, oysters provided several [...] Bérenger Colsoul (Thünen Institut) Film PROCEED - Restoration of the European Oyster in the German North Sea (film) Website release Online knowledge portal about the European native oyster Press release Rollup

project. Main goals of the hatchery are to produce seed oysters for native oyster restoration in the North Sea and to address relevant research questions in the field. The European flat oyster is functionally [...] techniques with the defined goal to produce spat for mid- and large-scale restoration measures in the North Sea. This requires adaptation and optimization of commercial production techniques, which includes a [...] species ( Rhodomonas salina, Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros neogracilis ), native to the German North Sea around Helgoland. The microalgae production is a crucial part of hatchery production. Here, parameters

Separating the Nordic Seas from the North Atlantic, the magmatic Greenland Scotland Ridge (GSR) has a strong influence on the pathways of the deep, cold water masses formed in the Nordic Sea by down-welling [...] those cold water masses play an important role in setting the properties of North Atlantic Deepwater, ventilating the North Atlantic, and setting the global ocean stratification. Thermal perturbations [...] from glacials to interglacials, large amounts of fresh water were released into the Labrador Sea and North Atlantic Ocean. This release of fresh water occurred through fjords and adjacent troughs that

E. Flüh Ligurian Sea C 04/2008-10/2008 5 13 SCHOLTE II M. Thorwart North Sea A 10/2008-10/2008 5 14 EXUPERY T. Dahm Azores C 04/2009-09/2009 3 15 NADLAS W. Geissler Norw.-Greenl. Sea C 08/2009-08/2009 [...] C 08/2020-07/2021 8 47 UPFLOW A. Ferreira North Atlantic P 07/2021-08/2022 32 48 ZAFRAN N. Augustin Red Sea P 11/2021-11/2022 12 49 DICTUM C. Thomas North Sea P 07/2022-09/2022 1 50 ALOIS V. Schlindwein [...] 24 16 TOPO-MED I. Grevemeyer Mediterranean Sea P 08/2009-07/2010 8 17 NOGES K. Brensing Baltic Sea P 10/2009-02/2010 1 18 WACOM K. Gohl Amundsen Sea A 03/2010-03/2010 6 19 NARES W. Jokat Nares Strait