international projects on the energy and mass balance of sea ice (radiation measurements above, in and below sea ice) and on the properties of snow on sea ice. Much of his work and results are based on measurements [...] Marcel Nicolaus is a sea ice physicist and climate scientist at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) in Bremerhaven. Born in 1976 in Haan (North Rhine-Westphalia) [...] and modelling of snow on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice at the AWI and the University of Bremen in 2006. He then studied the interactions of sunlight and sea ice at the Norwegian Polar Institute in Tromsø

same number of crewmembers never spend more than a month on board, sailing through the North Sea and in the North Atlantic to Spitsbergen. The waste that accumulates and is sorted on board can be easily [...] and, since its installation, the AWI’s second-largest research ship has been cruising the North Sea and North Atlantic as cleanly as possible, thanks to the cutting-edge technology used. RV Mya II (Photo: [...] traversing the icy waters of the high north and deep south since 1982. On an average of 300 days a year, the Polarstern can be found forging her way through the rough seas of the polar regions, using her nearly

n ice sheets extended as far as Schleswig-Holstein and Brandenburg; the North Sea coast lay north of England. Today’s North Sea Basin was covered with tundra, like what we now see in eastern Siberia. Today’s [...] sed by perpetual ice in the Antarctic, and fluctuating ice extents in the Arctic, North America and Europe. The North German landscape is a legacy of the last glacial 20,000 years ago. When this period [...] Today’s Arctic, with ice-covered Greenland, Siberian permafrost and sea ice at the North Pole, is a holdover of that glacial world. But for how much longer? As geoscientists, we provide insights to help

century, the north-south difference of Δ14C- CO2 was counterintuitively positive, with higher Δ 14C-CO2 being observed in the North than in the South (Levin and Hesshaimer 2000). This latter north-south difference [...] the sign in the north-south Δ 14C-CO2 difference has been previously reported by Graven et al. (2012). There are two reasons that may have caused this reversal: (1) The increase of the north-south gradient [...] flux is largest, also because large wind velocities enhance air-sea gas exchange. As is the case for the long-term trend, changes in the north-southΔ 14C-CO2 difference can also provide a constraint on the

year. Data from NOAA. 4.1. Methane in the Arctic and Boreal Zone (North of ~50°N) Themole fraction of methane grew strongly in the zone north of 50°N in the 4‐year period between 2014 and 2017. In 2014, zonal [...] Crill, P. M., Humborg, C., & Mörth, C. M. (2016). Methane fluxes from the sea to the atmosphere across the Siberian shelf seas. Geophysical Research Letters, 43, 5869–5877. doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068977 [...] the northern tropics and the Arctic/Boreal zone lagged the rest of the world, but in 2016 the zone north of 50°N had the highest growth rate (> 12 ppb) globally (Figure 3). Then in 2017, growth was focused

and vice versa, is mainly caused by a north-south trend in Kd(λext) originating from a north-south trend in SCIAMACHY VRS fit factors. For GOME-2, no significant north-south trend is observed. In low latitudes [...] J. (2000). SeaWiFS algorithm for the diffuse attenuation coefficient, K(490), using water-leaving radiances at 490 and 555 nm. In SeaWiFS postlaunch technical report series, volume 11. Sea-WiFS postlaunch [...] up by the ocean (Friedlingstein et al., 2019). As a consequence, the ocean is warming, sea levels are rising, sea ice concentrations are declining, and ocean acidity is enhancing (IPCC, 2019). The role

lead to a shift in the jet stream and the formation of a blocking high-pressure system over the North Sea and parts of Germany. This in turn means that the April weather in Central Europe is getting much

Wiegmann , Sonja (2022) Phytoplankton pigment concentrations during POLARSTERN cruise PS121 from North Sea to Fram in August to September 2019. PANGAEA , doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.941011 Bracher

Does sea ice play a particular role in Arctic jellyfish ecology? We evaluate the role of sea ice as a habitat for jellies in order to make predictions on their potential decrease with further sea ice decline [...] DNA analyses. Such interdisciplinary surveys allow us to link distributional patterns of jellies to sea-ice and oceanographic (sub-mesoscale) features. We apply species and community distribution models [...] of jellies in the Arctic food web, their importance for higher trophic levels and their link to the sea-ice trophic pathway will be elucidated with metabarcoding and biomarker studies. We plan to conduct

The Research Vessel Polarstern was in the Arctic for the past seven weeks. There, the summertime sea-ice extent declined by ca. 40 percent over the past 40 years – making it one of the most visible impacts [...] Polarstern investigated Atlantic Water Recirculation in Fram Strait and in the marginal ice zone north of Svalbard, as well as ocean/glacier interactions off the coast of Greenland. Central research questions [...] questions included how the ice conditions, ocean heat fluxes and ocean stratification determine sea-ice melt in the marginal ice zone (between the ice free waters and the dense pack ice) and how the melt