AABW and AAIW north, the increase in NADW as we move north in the SW Atlantic and its reduction in the Eastern Basin of the Atlantic, and the appearance of MOW in the later part of the transect. Figure 5: [...] for the polar components of the climate system. Since 2009 he is the head of the Climate-Initiative REKLIM (Regional Climate Change) of the Helmholtz Association (HGF), in which nine centres of the HGF [...] leaving the ship, this will take the form of a short report detailing the pre-planning and execution on station of the CTD cast, the results they found and an interpretation of their findings in the context

from the shallow region of the English Channel to the Bay of Biscay, the region around the Ampère Seamount, the Cape Verde Islands and further stations in the South Atlantic up to Cape Town. The participants [...] gradually. In the morning of 10 November Polarstern entered the harbour of Las Palmas. The cruise leg PS95.2 started in the afternoon of the same day with the departure from Las Palmas towards the Cape Verde [...] lectures of the work carried out in the previous six days on the evening before and a teaching/learning period on the morning of the transfer where the outgoing groups taught the incoming students. The themes

deployment of Expendable Bathythermographs (XBTs) to measure the thermal structure of the upper 1.8 km of the water column. XBT probes were ‘fired’ during the second leg of the cruise when the vessel was [...] mixing at the surface decreases the oxygenation of the lower water masses. Additionally, it decreases the formation of central water, which is subducted from the thermocline. In the case of SACW, the formation [...] deoxygenation of the water mass. This can greatly impact the ventilation of the surrounding water body and the formation rate of the water mass itself. Consequences are the expansion and formation of oxygen minimum

, followed the manufacturing process of the cement going from the exploitation of the raw materials until its packing and its storage and studied the effects of admixtures on the quality of cement in [...] during the independent project time and especially the preparation of the final report. Please, be aware that the intention for the role of the supervisors is to assist and not to compound the work of the [...] house management in the frame of the house rules are to be followed. In the case of repeated violation of the house rules, persons may be banned from the house. 14.) Any manipulation of the fire detectors in

, followed the manufacturing process of the cement going from the exploitation of the raw materials until its packing and its storage and studied the effects of admixtures on the quality of cement in [...] during the independent project time and especially the preparation of the final report. Please, be aware that the intention for the role of the supervisors is to assist and not to compound the work of the [...] house management in the frame of the house rules are to be followed. In the case of repeated violation of the house rules, persons may be banned from the house. 14.) Any manipulation of the fire detectors in

support of the construction company HC Hagemann Hamburg, Germany) to study the effects of artificial breakwaters on the shallow water fish and macro-invertebrate community. Since summer 2012, the MarGate [...] from everywhere of the world to control and manage even complex sensor units fully remotely. As basic hydrographical parameters from the area, the AWI operates multiple sensor systems for the main abiotic [...] RESTORE - Restoration of the stocks of the European oyster (Ostrea edulis) in the German North Sea. 2017 - ongoing ( NIOZ & AWI & Jericho NEXT / COSYNA ) ReMoBiB - Real time Monitoring of Bivalve Behavior.

Arga Island in the NW part of the delta. The third river terrace is the oldest geomorphological unit of the Lena Delta, shaped by the extremely cold climate of the last glacial period when the area was not [...] assumed. At the bottom of the snow layer, the remaining shortwave radiation flux is assigned as energy input to the uppermost soil grid cell. The albedo of the snow is calculated as a function of the difference [...] version of CryoGrid 3 so that the sum of the volumetric contents of ice and water re- mains constant (for simplicity, the densities of ice and wa- ter are assumed equal). The phase change of the soil wa-

different types of killer whales live in the Southern Ocean. They are known to differ in feeding ecology and appearance. However, little is known about the distribution and behaviour of these different [...] whale ecotypes. To answer these questions, scientists monitor the whales’ communication with specific underwater sound recorders. However, so far nobody knew, which calls the different ecotypes are using

different roles in the biogeochemical cycle of the oceans. Diatoms are the major silicifiers in the ocean with frustules made of dissolved silicic acid, influencing the cycle of silica in the oceans. Similarly [...] each spectrum and the polynomial coefficients. Where Si is the fit factor of the ith atmospheric absorber and Sj the fit factor of the jth PFT and Sk for the kth pseudo absorber. xl is the lth polynomial [...] LUTs The RTM SCIATRAN version 3.4 (Rozanov et al. , 2002, 2014) was used for the radiative transfer simulations to derive the relationship between the Chla of PFTs and the ratio of the PFT and the VRS fit

screening of global databases of the regions V4 and V9 of the 18s-rDNA, demonstrated the presence of our parasites beyond the North Atlantic coastal regions. In a biweekly metabarcoding survey of the diatom [...] on HABs in the Gulf of Naples, a number of harmful species were detected for the first time, pointing at the relevance of the metabarcoding approach in monitoring aimed at the protection of human health [...] indicate a lack of gene references in the group of Zygnematophyceae to further investigate the genetic diversity. The second part of the project focuses on molecular acclimation of a polar isolate of Cosmarium