Broad expanses of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean in the Antarctic are covered in sea ice. The ice plays a vital role in our climate system and is an important component of Arctic and Antarctic habitats [...] most frequently takes place in the Arctic and Antarctic. Depending on the season, the ice covers greater or lesser parts of the ocean. In the Northern Hemisphere, the ocean gradually freezes over in the course [...] its highest extent in September. In summer, the Southern Ocean is virtually ice-free. The research aircraft Polar 6 flies over the Arctic Ocean during a sea ice thickness campagne. (Photo: Esther Horvath)

Arctic Ocean
On the seafloor of the shallow coastal regions north of Siberia, microorganisms produce methane when they break down plant remains. If this greenhouse gas finds its way into the water, [...] these coastal waters. As a result, the gas can be transported thousands of kilometres across the Arctic Ocean and released in a completely different region months later. This phenomenon is the subject of [...] current issue of the online journal Scientific Reports. Although this interaction between methane, ocean and ice has a significant influence on climate change, to date it has not been reflected in climate

which are a set of ocean and sea ice variables optimally combining observations and a model. The analysis fields are applied for a variety of ocean and sea ice studies in the Arctic Ocean, and also provide [...] used to synthesize model results and observed data in the Arctic Ocean. The systems have been successfully applied to North Atlantic/Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Model (NAOSIM) developed at the Alfred Wegener Institute [...] Institute (AWI). We are currently working to apply the systems to Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM2), also developed in AWI. Contact: Dr. Hiroshi Sumata Seasonal cycle (left) and interannual variation

Arctic sea ice: a chain reaction Dr Thomas Krumpen, sea ice physicist and expert for satellite analyses at the Alfred Wegener Institute. Sea ice Application of satellite data Arctic Ocean IceBird For the [...] AWI are exploring the thickness and surface conditions of Arctic sea ice. We measure both properties in several key regions of the Arctic Ocean with autonomous buoys, on helicopter and aircraft measurement [...] important reference data set on the development of Arctic sea-ice cover worldwide. Those surveys indicate that the thickness of sea ice leaving the Arctic Ocean towards the North Atlantic has steadily decreased

2025 Zeising M. B. (2025) Transparent Exopolymer Particles in the Surface Arctic Ocean by Ocean Biogeochemistry Modeling. Department of Physics and Engineering, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany, Bremen [...] pigments in the changing Arctic Ocean, Ph.D. thesis, University of Bremen, DOI: 10.26092/elib/6052. 2021 Oelker J. (2021) Suitability of atmospheric satellite sensors for ocean applicaitons . PhD Thesis [...] (2024) Marine Big Data-driven Machine Learning Based Monitoring of Phytoplankton Groups in the Arctic Ocean . Department of Physics and Engineering, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany, Bremen, 12 Sep 2024

expedition to the Arctic Ocean. Over the next two months, an international research team will analyse the feedback effects between global warming and sea ice retreat in the Arctic Ocean. The investigations [...] ons will focus on the differences in the melting of various sea ice types – representing the Arctic of the past decades, the present and the future. A parallel airborne campaign will complement the me

biogeochemical processes within the Arctic Ocean, as well as how these are linked to the Atlantic Ocean. AWI scientists are developing the world’s first multi- resolution Ocean General Circulation Biogeochemical [...] built up. Data assimilation into coupled ecosystem- ocean-ice models will enable the identification of phytoplankton variability and trends of surface-ocean processes and their bio-physical coupling. Remote [...] Sensing (Graphic: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) Modelling To predict upcoming changes in global ocean circulation, ocean productivity, and the consequences for the global climate system, it is crucial to improve

Changes in the circulation freshwater between Arctic Ocean and subpolar North Atlantic In RACE we study the variability of the freshwater storage in the Arctic Ocean and the subpolar North Atlantic. We use [...] observations and model simulations of the ocean and the sea ice to understand the underlying processes. Here you find the project website . Contact: Dr. Benjamin Rabe (Phys. Oceanography) Prof. Dr. Rüdiger

more dynamic Arctic sea ice and larger open ocean areas increase the complexity of accurately predicting the transport pathways and impacts of various pollutants in the Arctic environment. These pollutants [...] project we will simulate the oceanic advection of pollutants from their sources with a global version of the sea-ice-ocean model FESOM2 with about 7 km spatial resolution in the Arctic and Nordic Seas. Atmospheric [...] relevant to Arctic ecosystems. . The sea ice-ocean model FESOM2 will be coupled with the atmospheric chemistry transport model DEHM (Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model), thus connecting the ocean and atmospheric

matter within the rivers and oceans would allow to better assess the export, transformation and fate of tDOM (the largest fraction of dissolved carbon in the Arctic) in the ocean. Colored or chromophoric dissolved [...] supplied by Arctic rivers, which account for more than 10% of the total riverine and terrestrial organic carbon into the global ocean waters (Opshal et al., 1999; Benner et al., 2004). Most of the Arctic outflow [...] outflow and, as a consequence, the total carbon mobilized into the Arctic Ocean, leave the Arctic basin via the Fram Srait, following the East Greenland Current (EGC) and through the Davis Strait within the