between the AWI Potsdam permafrost research group and several Russian permafrost research groups and institutions is exemplary. One of the very important achievements of the permafrost research group is the [...] Overall, the quality of AWI’s ocean research is excellent. A significant fraction of research on permafrost is conducted at the Potsdam division of AWI, and the group is ranked as the first in Europe and [...] when it comes to research methods, for example in observing greenhouse gas emissions from thawing permafrost. With a unique array of measurement platforms, high-resolution modelling capabilities, and a d