Earth System Models We simulate Arctic sea ice for the past, current and possible future climates, with regional sea ice-ocean and Earth System Models. Regional ocean-sea [...] but have the advantage of simulating the atmosphere model, the ocean and the sea-ice simultaneously. Earth System Models (ESMs) additionally include vegetation and chemistry modules. These models allow [...] al., 2014 ). We test those parameterizations in regional sea ice ocean models such as NAOSIM ( Köberle and Gerdes, 2003 ) and an Arctic model set-up of the MITgcm ( Castro-Morales et al., 2014 ). After

of the INTAROS project is to build an efficient integrated Arctic Observation System (iAOS) by extending, improving and unifying existing systems in the different regions of the Arctic. Contact: T [...] observations in all parts of the oceans from the air-sea interface to the deep seafloor. Contact: A. Boetius, I. Schewe, F. Janssen, A. Purser SenseOcean (Marine sensors [...] ocean biogeochemical sensor technology. It will produce fundamental innovations in analytical sciences fusing together new techniques for

FRAM (Frontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring) HGF infrastructur programme Duration: 01.08.2014 - 31.07.2021 Coordination: Antje Boetius, AWI, Bremerhaven The FRAM Ocean Observing System will be installed in the gateway between the North Atlantic and the Central Arctic, representing a highly [...] für Luft- und Raumfahrt , DLR), the GEOMAR – Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, the Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT) and the AWI. Contact: F. Wenzhöfer

TRANSDRIFT -Project are: to assess the influence of sea-ice and ocean dynamics in the Laptev Sea on the transpolar drift; to investigate changes in the arctic halocline, water mass formation, and [...] of Ocean ACIDification) Project funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Duration: 01.10.2015 - 31.12.2017 Coordinator [...] stressors, and what are the consequences for marine ecosystems and ocean biogeochemical cycles? Contact: A. Boetius, F. Wenzhöfer

Spitsbergen). (Photo: Max Schwanitz) The northernmost permanent arctic research station of the AWI (AWIPEV Station - till 2005 Koldewey-Station) is located in the small village Ny Ålesund (West Spitsbergen [...] and rocky habitats with a wide variety of endemic underwater Arctic flora and fauna. The AWIPEV dive base is operated for about 6 month per year upon request by scientific projects which need diver [...] ) The research vessel Polarstern operates in the southern and arctic ocean. As an icebreaker RV Polarstern enables to enter ice covered polar areas and to conduct diving supported underwater research

dynamics Investigations of the nutrient dynamics in the polar oceans are closely related to biological and hydrographical studies. These basic data are important to study phytoplankton blooms and to [...] water masses due to different nutrient concentrations in the oceans. An example is the relationship between nitrate and phosphate which allows to distinguish between water of Pacific and Atlantic origin in the Arctic. Nutrient data from 1984 to 1997 in Fram Strait showed that a surface layer of about 50 m of pure Pacific Water is present above

Hausgarten/FRAM (Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring) Sampling stations in the Hausgarten observatory: Experimental sites (red circles), mooring sites (black triangles [...] benthos. The Fram Strait essentially forms a connection between Arctic and Antlantic waters and due to the Fram Straits importance for global ocean circulation, it is vital to understand the physical [...] export processes in the Arctic.

parameters due to fast temperature increase and acidification of the Arctic Ocean. Team Dr. Eva-Maria Nöthig (coordinator, phytoplankton ecology & particle flux) Prof. Dr. Astrid Bracher (PI, remote sensing

Forecast of Sea Ice Conditions The state of the Arctic climate system is rapidly changing. These changes are impacting ecosystems, coastal communities, and economic activities. High-quality [...] concentration, ice thickness from SMOS, snow depth) as well as ocean observations (sea-surface temperature) to optimize the initial state of the sea ice-ocean system for short-term (up to 6 days) [...] . However, this approach neglects all feedback of the sea ice-ocean system onto the atmosphere. This year (2015) the initial state of the sea ice-ocean model has been constrained by sea-ice observations

Changes in the circulation freshwater between Arctic Ocean and subpolar North Atlantic In RACE we study the variability of the freshwater storage in the Arctic Ocean and the subpolar North Atlantic. We use observations and model simulations of the ocean and the sea ice to understand the underlying processes. Here you find the project website . Contact: Dr. Benjamin Rabe (Phys.