Molecular Sea Ice Ecology Polar oceans are seasonally covered by sea ice with an average size of the continent of North America. Despite harsh conditions therein, sea ice and its lower surface can carry [...] typically dominated by Diatoms. Sea ice can provide important primary production to polar oceans via these communities, although they are often very patchy. In times of declining sea ice coverage it is a major [...] major challenge to determine current sea ice biodiversity, functions provided by its biota, and the future of sea ice communities in a warming ocean. We address these questions through analyses of total

planned open-ocean infrastructure FRAM (FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring) is permanent presence at sea, from surface to depth, for the provision of near real-time data on Earth system dynamics, climate [...] and ecosystem change. The FRAM Ocean Observing System will be installed in the gateway between the North Atlantic and the Central Arctic, representing a highly climate-sensitive and rapidly changing region [...] towards a better understanding of the effects of change in ocean circulation, water mass properties and sea-ice retreat on Arctic marine ecosystems and their main functions and services. FRAM will implement

Over centuries the deep sea was considered as a vast, desert-like environment with low number of species. However, in recent years knowledge about biodiversity in the deep sea has started to increase and [...] life. Biodiversity in the deep sea depends among other parameters on water depth, which in turn is linked to food availability. In contrast to the past assumption that deep-sea organisms live in very stable [...] changes in a the transition zone between the northern North Atlantic and the central Arctic Ocean, and to determine the factors controlling deep-sea biodiversity, the Alfred Wegener Institute established

in quantitative assessment of the impact of bottom trawling on carbon storage in the North Sea and global shelf seas was recently published in the journal Nature Geoscience .
[...] Flatfish and shrimp are caught in the North Sea by using trawls that are dragged across the seabed. This releases carbon into the water and carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, as shown by the latest

Bracher A. (2013) Photophysiological state of natural phytoplankton communities in the South China Sea and Sulu Sea. Biogeosciences Discuss., 10, 12115-12153, doi:10.5194/bgd-9-4727-2012. Wetzel G., Oelhaf H [...] Sidorenko D., Völker C., Ye Y., Zeising M., Hauck J. (2023) Ocean biogeochemistry in the coupled ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1-REcoM3. Geoscientific Model Development: gmd-2023-2. doi [...] (2018) Assessing the influence of optically active constituents on the radiative heating of Laptev Sea surface waters. Extended abstract to Ocean Optics XXIV conference, Dubrovnik, 7 October 2018 - 12 October

titute operates two shallow-water cabled underwater observatories ( UWO ’s) in the Southern North Sea North off Helgoland ( Helgoland-UWO - 54° 11.700'N / 7° 52.600'E – Fig. 1) and in the Arctic Ocean [...] real-time data (NRT-Data) of the main hydrographical variables of the two AWI research sites “Southern North Sea” and “Kongsfjord”. Provide underwater power and data connection for short-term or long-term project

independent and genetically distinct invasions of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas into the North Sea represent an ideal model system to study fast evolutionary responses of invasive populations. By

Transfer offices at the AWI Antarctic Office Marine Biodiversity Change Arctic Office North Sea Office Climate Office

regionally. Offices at the AWI Antarctic Office Arctic Office Climate Office Marine Biodiversity Change North Sea Office Technology transfer Transfer storys

the amount of sea-level rise will be similar to the global mean. To FAQ element What’s going on in the North Sea? There are also regional differences in sea-level rise in the North Sea. Over the past [...] levees. Further, the tidal flats of the North Sea can to some extent rise in step with the sea level, as high and low tide regularly add new sediment. However, if sea-level rise exceeds a certain point – [...] Global sea level on the rise Around the world, sea level is rising. From 1901 to 2018, global mean sea level rose by 20 centimetres – and in the future, it will continue to do so, and more quickly. This