Radiation in the Arctic (AWIPEV Research Base in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen) Pyranometer in Ny-Ålesund. (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) Ny-Ålesund is situated 78.9° N north of the arctic circle. During the [...] fundamental role in determining the thermal conditions and the circulation of the atmosphere and the ocean, shaping the main characteristics of the Earth's climate. The radiation budget components at the surface

Long-term observations in the Arctic and Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean The Arctic is an environment where global climate change is strongly manifested. The Arctic Amplification, represented by the atmospheric [...] atmospheric warming trend in the Arctic being about three times that of the global average, is also manifested in sea-ice and… Find out more Southern Ocean The oceans are key elements of the global climate [...] system, not at last due to their ability to extract and store heat and CO2 from the atmosphere. Polar oceans are of particular Find out more

Long-term observations in the Arctic Ocean Schematic of ocean circulation between the Arctic and neighbouring oceans: warm water paths (red), cold/fresh polar water paths (blue), regions of AWI focus in [...] circulation in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean from the 1990s to the late 2000s ,OS Special Issue: Ice-Atmosphere-Ocean interactions in the Arctic Ocean during IPY: the Damocles project, 9 (1), [...] Fram Strait / West Spitsbergen Atlantic Water is the main oceanic source of heat, salt, and nutrients of the Arctic Ocean. It enters the Arctic Ocean through the Barents Sea or Fram Strait. In the eastern

Arctic Sea Ice
The sea-ice extent in the Arctic is nearing its annual minimum at the end of the melt season in September. Only circa 3.9 million square kilometres of the Arctic Ocean are covered by

The winter growth period for sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is now over, with levels at a record low. The winter ice extent on 21 March 2025 was lower than at any time since continuous satellite recording [...] cover is over a million square kilometres below the long-term average. As in February 2025, average Arctic sea ice cover remained at an all-time low for the entire month of March, equalling the previous low

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Coastal Ocean Dynamics Helgoland Time-Series Coastal Ocean Dynamics Helgoland Time-Series – What are the drivers? • CTD • Turbidity • Fluorescence • PAR • Wind • pCO2 • O2 • ADCP Coastal Ocean Dynamics [...] Productivity & Efficiency of the Biological Carbon Pump and Biodiversity in the present and future ocean. Mission: From Physics to Fish • Increasing human activities and climate change have been shown as [...] 7° 52.788‘E Background…where it all started Background…where it all started Challenges of Coastal Ocean Observations: • Biofouling • Turbidity: Long distance between Camera & Strobe • Limited data sets

refreezing at the sea ice surface dramatically changes the energy exchange between atmosphere and ocean in the Arctic. Melt ponds play a key role in these changes, because they substantially enhance the absorption [...] albedo of Arctic summer ice from satellite optical data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 163, 153-164. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.012. Rösel, A.; Kaleschke, L., Birnbaum, G. 2012. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice [...] early summer, when melt ponds started to form. From 9 May to 8 June 2008, we operated in the Canadian Arctic, mainly over the southern Beaufort Sea with Inuvik as airbase for Polar 5. Sea ice conditions changed

refreezing at the sea ice surface dramatically changes the energy exchange between atmosphere and ocean in the Arctic. Melt ponds play a key role in these changes, because they substantially enhance the absorption [...] albedo of Arctic summer ice from satellite optical data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 163, 153-164. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.012. Rösel, A.; Kaleschke, L., Birnbaum, G. 2012. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice [...] early summer, when melt ponds started to form. From 9 May to 8 June 2008, we operated in the Canadian Arctic, mainly over the southern Beaufort Sea with Inuvik as airbase for Polar 5. Sea ice conditions changed

parameters in the ice-covered, central Arctic Ocean. The concurrent recording of physical, biological and biogeochemical measurements in the atmosphere, sea-ice and ocean for time periods of several months [...] observatory (Graphic: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) The properties of the atmosphere, sea-ice and the polar oceans, and feedbacks between these domains play an important role in global climate. At the same time, [...] Nicolaus @ awi.de Prof. Dr. Benjamin Rabe +49(471)4831-2403 Benjamin.Rabe @ awi.de Deployment of an ocean profilers in the sea-ice (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut)