are being built up. Data assimilation into coupled ecosystem- ocean-ice models will enable the identification of phytoplankton variability and trends of surface-ocean processes and their bio-physical [...] interaction of physical and biogeochemical processes within the Arctic Ocean, as well as how these are linked to the Atlantic Ocean. AWI scientists are developing the world’s first multi- resolution [...] important coupled sea ice-ocean processes that determine the Arctic- Atlantic interplay in the Fram Strait region using dynamic mesh-sizes of 5 km or smaller.

for example, how the warming and acidification of waters in the Arctic due to climate change will affect those animals that are perfectly adapted to living in the cold.” Unique observations in an NMR [...] level is a way of measuring their fitness. In contrast, for Arctic fish that are subjected to rising temperatures, the lactate is an indicator that they are consuming too much oxygen – and are [...] more A view inside – a fish in the NMR Integrative Ecophysiology Ocean Acidification

Topics All Biodiversity Ice Sea Climate Regions All Arctic Antarctic North Sea Biodiversity Climate Arctic Arctic Species in Climate Change The Arctic is a habitat for specialists. Species [...] conditions produced by climate change. Find out more Ice Climate Sea Arctic Antarctic Sea Ice Broad expanses of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean in the Antarctic are covered in sea ice. The ice plays [...] benefiting from the developments. Find out more Sea Climate Arctic Antarctic North Sea Ocean Acidification Our planet’s oceans absorb tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide. Instead of causing atmospheric

have changed with them. When it comes to surviving in the Arctic, it’s a whole new ball game. Arctic sea ice at sunrise (Photo: Stefan Hendricks) The Arctic Ocean Unlike at the southern tip of the [...] deepest point. Its only deep-sea connection to other oceans lies in Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard. The Arctic Ocean is also characterised by record low temperatures: directly [...] differences that will most likely mean more dramatic impacts in the Arctic than in the Deep South.The Arctic Ocean stretches from 75 degrees N to the North Pole, while the ice-covered Southern Ocean only

Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean. Frontiers in Microbiology 9. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 Hoffmann, K., Hassenrück, C., Salman-Carvalho, V., Holtappels, M [...] Buoyancy Regulation and Fate of Ice Algal Aggregates in the Central Arctic Ocean. PLOS One 9(9): e107452. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107452 Jacob, M., Soltwedel, T., Boetius, A., Ramette, A. (2013): Biogeography [...] at regional scale in the deep Fram Strait (LTER HAUSGARTEN, Arctic), PLOS One 8:9, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072779 Further Links: ERC-Project ABYSS

meiofauna at the LTER Observatory HAUSGARTEN in Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean). MDPI - Diversity 12 (7). doi: 10.3390/d12070279 Käß, M., Vedenin, A., Hasemann, C., Brandt, A., Soltwedel, T. (2019). [...] invertebrates from the deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN (Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean). Marine Ecology-Progress Series 602: 15-29. Grzelak, K., Kotwicki, L., Hasemann, C., Soltwedel, T. (2017): Bathymetric patterns [...] ): The interannual variability of megafaunal assemblages in the Arctic deep sea: preliminary results from the HAUSGARTEN observatory (79°N). Deep-Sea Research I 58: 711‑723.

Forschung, BMBF ), intend to assess the influence of sea-ice and ocean dynamics in the Laptev Sea and to investigate the ecological consequences of environmental changes in key regions of the transpolar drift, and to study effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms and their habitats. Furthermore, the Deep-Sea Research Group leads the Helmholtz infrastructure project FRAM (Frontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring) and is also partner of the Helmholtz alliance ROBEX (Robotic Exploration of Extreme Environments) of the Helmholtz

The vertically facing towed camera system OFOS (Ocean Floor Observation System) is used to assess large-scale distribution patterns of larger epi-benthic organisms and other objects ( [...] invertebrates from the deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN (Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean). Marine Ecology Progress Series 602: 15-29. Taylor, J., Krumpen, T., Soltwedel, T., Gutt, J., Bergmann, M. (2017): Dynamic [...] interannual variability of megafaunal assemblages in the Arctic deep sea: preliminary results from the HAUSGARTEN observatory (79ºN). Deep-Sea Research I 58: 711-723.

Since the marginal ice zone of the Arctic Ocean is a highly dynamic environment, it is crucial to track the position of the ice edge in order to define AUV (Autonomous

or a certain distance from the seafloor. On their way through the ocean they carry different instruments to measure several parameters from the temperature of the water to the amount of light penetrating the ocean. At the end of a mission the AUV and the supply vessel meet at a preprogramed position and the AUV is recovered. AUV enable us to [...] with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle: Payload structure and arctic operations. OCEANS - Bergen, 2013 MTS/IEEE, doi:10.1109/OCEANS-Bergen.2013.6608043. Wulff, T., Lehmenhecker, S., Hoge, U. (2010).