Rachold /AWI) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) What is submarine permafrost? Subsea permafrost in the Arctic is generally relict terrestrial permafrost, inundated after the last glaciation and now degrading [...] Beaufort Sea, we know little about the distribution of submarine permafrost for most of the shallow Arctic Shelf, over 80% of which lies offshore of Eastern Siberia. Degradation rates of the ice-bearing [...] concentration. We need to know more about the current distribution and state of permafrost beneath the ocean, about what cause sit thaw, where and how quickly. This group addresses key questions surrounding

Arctic cod is the most abundant fish in the Arctic Ocean. It is an important food source for Arctic marine mammals and plays an important role in the self-sufficiency of the Inuit. An international study [...] now evaluated the most important scientific work on Arctic cod of the past decades. The conclusion: Above all, the already advanced decline in arctic sea ice cover as a result of man-made climate change

Due to intensifying sea-ice melting in the Arctic, sunlight is now penetrating deeper and deeper into the ocean. Since marine zooplankton respond to the available light, this is also changing their behaviour

After eventful and busy months, the Arctic season ends this weekend with the Polarstern expedition called ArcWatch-1. The team of almost 100 crew and scientists measured sea ice thickness and properties [...] properties, recorded the currents and chemical properties of the ocean and investigated life in and under the ice, in the open water and at the bottom of the deep sea. Their data show significant changes compared [...] on 20 September there was the world's first livestream of an ROV under-ice dive from the Central Arctic.

atmosphere-ocean interactions Atmosphere-ocean interactions at high latitudes are thought to play a key role in past atmospheric CO2 variability by controlling the sea-ice field, upper ocean physical parameters [...] in the Arctic, Topic: ERC-2018-COG AGENSI, an ERC Horizon 2020 project led by Stijn de Schepper (Bergen University, Norway), takes an innovative approach to generate essential knowledge on Arctic sea ice [...] the Arctic and global climate state. If greenhouse gas emissions remain unchecked and further increase, summer sea ice loss may pass a critical threshold that could drastically transform the Arctic as we

within one year due to the self-discharge of the battery in -1.75°C bottom waters of the deep Arctic Ocean. TRAMPER can be deployed with pin-point accuracy by means of a video-controlled cabled launching [...] crawler for long-term benthic oxygen flux studies in remote deep sea ecosystems , OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey, doi: 10.1109/OCEANS.2016.776121.

between atmosphere and ocean. This concerns both hemispheres since cold-air outbreaks occur in the Arctic and Antarctic as well. Typical regions for cold-air outbreaks in the Arctic are the Fram Strait and [...] of the lower atmosphere with sea ice and ocean is strongly influenced by processes caused by the surface morphology, which is characterized in the Polar ocean regions first of all by the sea ice cover [...] Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer - Observations and Small Scale Modelling Temperature profiles over Arctic sea ice during summer. Boundary layer heights amount here to about 60 m (blue) and 500 m (red) (Graphic:

Ocean Eddies
In a new study, researchers from the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) investigated the long-term changes in the Arctic Ocean eddy activity [...] study reveals a remarkable surge in Arctic eddy activity in a warmer climate, a trend that is probably unparalleled when compared to other regions across the global ocean.

Consistency and Challenges in the Ocean Carbon Sink Estimate for the Global Carbon Budget. Front. Mar. Sci. 7, 571720. doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.571720 •[Arctic high-resolution] Schourup-Kristensen [...] nsen, V., Wekerle, C., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Völker, C. (2018): Arctic Ocean biogeochemistry in the high resolution FESOM 1.4-REcoM2 model, Progress in Oceanography, 168, 65-81, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2018.09 [...] macrozooplankton, Karakuş et al., 2022 ), and to include the sensitivity of phytoplankton growth to ocean acidification ( Seifert et al., 2022 ). Main REcoM references (chronological order): •[3 phytoplankton

atmosphere and the ocean. The climate of the Arctic is subject to visible changes and the sea-ice albedo feedback mechanism acts as an amplifier of climate change. The observed decrease of Arctic summer sea ice [...] coupled ice-ocean-atmosphere system and a growing radiative forcing associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases. The attribution of ongoing changes in the Arctic and Antarctic [...] of key processes in the Arctic and Antarctic climate system. Major gaps and uncertainties exist in the knowledge of processes governing e .g. the build-up of aerosols in the Arctic and its role for climate