Since the early 20th century hydrographic measurements have been carried out in the Arctic Ocean. Although today the Arctic is a hotspot of climate change, data sampling is still sparse due to the large sea [...] climate studies in the Arctic Ocean. Many of the collected data are publicly available, but scattered across different electronic archives. Consequently, scientists working on Arctic climate change have to [...] awi.de The „Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography“ (UDASH) is an attempt to gather all publicly available temperature and salinity data for the Arctic Ocean and to provide them on a high quality

Arctic Ocean
The dramatic loss of ice in the Arctic is influencing sea-ice transport across the Arctic Ocean. As experts from the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research [...] percent of the sea ice that forms in the shallow Russian marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean actually reaches the Central Arctic, where it joins the Transpolar Drift; the remaining 80 percent of the young [...] development not only takes us one step closer to an ice-free summer in the Arctic; as the sea ice dwindles, the Arctic Ocean stands to lose an important means of transporting nutrients, algae and sediments

ut) The Arctic boundary has been observed over many years to better understand and monitor the exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and its neighboring oceans. The unique geometry of the Arctic—surrounded [...] the Arctic Ocean with hydrographic observation lines (Figure 1). A method to treat the Arctic as a single box bounded by hydrographic lines and land has been developed recent years. This pan-Arctic approach [...] monitor the major oceanic heat and FW exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and surrounding Oceans? (2) Where is the most efficient place to add additional instruments to increase the accuracy of measurements?

ARCGATE The Arctic boundary has been observed over many years to better understand and monitor the exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and its neighboring oceans. The unique geometry of the Arctic—surrounded [...] Polarstern set sail from Tromsø to drift in the Arctic Ocean for a year—trapped in the ice. The goal of the MOSAiC expedition was to study the Arctic, the epicenter of global warming, more closely than… [...] Since the early 20th century hydrographic measurements have been carried out in the Arctic Ocean. Although today the Arctic is a hotspot of climate change, data sampling is still sparse due to the large sea

Institute and Professor at the University of Bremen. Ocean currents Ocean topography of polar regions Ocean-ice sheet interaction Sea level Ocean currents play various important roles in the climate and in ecosystems [...] the two polar regions makes the Arctic and Southern Oceans key regions in the context of ocean circulation. At the AWI, we investigate the characteristics and role of ocean currents through interdisciplinary [...] mid-latitudes to the Arctic and Antarctic. Once there, this heat can delay the formation of sea ice or cause the floes to melt more rapidly. This applies to the ice covering the Arctic Ocean, as well as to the

SIT bias impacts Arctic circulation wCDA of ocean hydrography: 30 members, monthly assimilation, 1980-2010 Constrained ocean hydrography reduces bias(SIT) ! Upper ocean: fresher Upper ocean: more saline + [...] skill? ice+ocean DA Strongly enhanced skill in melting season + sCDA of SIC: Is assimilation of ocean data helpful in the Arctic Basin? Is assimilation of ocean data helpful in the Arctic Basin? 23 May [...] Nordic Seas 2) Arctic basin The role of ocean and sea ice initialisation in the coupled Earth system OHT & winter SI May SIT & Sep SIC 11 1) Nordic Seas 2) Arctic basin The role of ocean and sea ice in

Observing System ( ArcticROOS ) working with ocean observation and modelling systems for the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas has been established within the EuroGOOS initiative. ArcticROOS will promote, develop [...] only open-ocean LTER site. LTER-D is a member in the international LTER umbrella organisation ILTER and in the European regional network LTER-Europe. Contact: T. Soltwedel ArcticROOS (Arctic Regional Ocean [...] Ocean Observing System) Project within the GOOS/EuroGOOS initiative Since 2006 Coordinator: Stein Sandven, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC), Norway An Arctic Regional Ocean Observing

the Arctic Ocean. Stratification If freshwater enters the Arctic Ocean via rivers, preci- The consequences of climate change for the Arctic Ocean pitation or melting sea ice, it alters the ocean’s surface [...] definition. (Photo: Sebastian Menze/AWI) The Arctic Ocean The Arctic is, in contrast to the Antarctic, not a continent. Rather, it stretches across a central ocean that is surrounded by the northern edges [...] bottom of the Arctic Ocean. The currently known species include 366 different arthropods, 197 Fora- minifera species as well as 194 annelid and 140 ne- matode species. What lives in the Arctic Ocean and what

matter within the rivers and oceans would allow to better assess the export, transformation and fate of tDOM (the largest fraction of dissolved carbon in the Arctic) in the ocean. Colored or chromophoric dissolved [...] supplied by Arctic rivers, which account for more than 10% of the total riverine and terrestrial organic carbon into the global ocean waters (Opshal et al., 1999; Benner et al., 2004). Most of the Arctic outflow [...] outflow and, as a consequence, the total carbon mobilized into the Arctic Ocean, leave the Arctic basin via the Fram Srait, following the East Greenland Current (EGC) and through the Davis Strait within the

Central Arctic Ocean - Rapp, J.Z. - 2018 - Frontiers in Microbiology Algal Colonization of Young Arctic Sea Ice in Spring - Kauko, H.M. - 2018 - Frontiers in Marine Science Polar solar panels: Arctic and Antarctic [...] in the central Arctic Ocean during the record sea-ice minimum in 2012 - Fernández-Méndez, M. - 2015 - Biogeiosciences An assessment of phytoplankton primary productivity in the Arctic Ocean from satellite [...] Central Arctic Ocean - Fernández-Méndez, M. - 2014 - PLoS ONE Floating ice-algal aggregates below melting Arctic sea ice. - Assmy, P. - 2013 - PLoS ONE Export of Algal Biomass from the Melting Arctic Sea Ice