remote sensing data alone, as the satellite ocean color algorithms are known to perform poorly at polar latitudes even if developed explicitly for the Arctic waters. Gaps in satellite data, which occur [...] for satellite applications. Ocean Science, 9 (2), pp. 431-445. doi: 10.5194/os-9-431-2013 , hdl:10013/epic.41331 Other references: Antoine, D. and A. Morel (1996). Oceanic primary production: I. Adaptation [...] PhD Thesis Alexandra Cherkasheva 2009-2014 Arctic phytoplankton today deserve special attention as they are already living in waters with most prominent climate change effect, which are shifting towards