any other oceanic region of the planet and its sea-ice cover is declining faster than models predict. Due to changes in sea-ice cover and stratification, the productivity in the Arctic Ocean may transition [...] predominantly light-controlled to being more nutrient-controlled. Also, the phenomenon of ocean acidification is most pronounced in the Arctic due to the higher solubility of CO 2 at low temperatures as [...] lower alkalinity. To elucidate potential synergistic or antagonistic interactions between ocean warming, acidification or altered light and nutrient availability, we apply multi-factorial incubation matrices

CO2 concentration and pH in the present Southern Ocean. Phytoplankton ecology in the present Southern Ocean. Southern Ocean phytoplankton are major drivers of global carbon cycling accounting for ~2 Pg [...] strongly governs Southern Ocean phytoplankton productivity. CO2 concentration and pH in the future Southern Ocean. Figure: S. Trimborn Phytoplankton ecology in the future Southern Ocean. Climate models indicate [...] Fe-limited oceanic waters Inorganics in organics: Chemical and biological controls on micronutrient and carbon fluxes in the polar ocean Iron limitation and cycling in contrasting Southern Ocean Provinces

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and carbonate preservation in the deep ocean and the impact of ocean acidification on the ocean. Figure 8: Calculated aragonite solubility in the Atlantic ocean along the A16 line (data: Carina database [...] calcite - Liebig’s law and nutrient limitation Climate change - Basics of ocean acidification and deoxygenation - Heat content of ocean Survey planning and operation at sea Health and Safety at Sea 17 Student [...] Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO) and funded through the Nippon Foundation and ATLANTOS. The scientific programme in 2019 is based on Ocean and Climate interactions and is designed

benefiting from the developments. Find out more Sea Climate Arctic Antarctic North Sea Ocean Acidification Our planet’s oceans absorb tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide. Instead of causing atmospheric temperatures [...] planet. Find out more Ice Climate Sea Arctic Antarctic Sea Ice Broad expanses of the Arctic Ocean and the Southern Ocean in the Antarctic are covered in sea ice. The ice plays a vital role in our climate system [...] greenhouse gas dissolves in the water. But this service provided by the oceans comes at a price. The more greenhouse gas the oceans remove from the atmosphere, the more acidic their waters become. Find out

Climate change
Tropical coral reefs lose up to two thirds of their zooplankton through ocean acidification. This is the conclusion reached by a German-Australian research team that examined two reefs [...] the seabed, lowering the water's acidity to a level, which scientists predict for the future of the oceans. The researchers believe that the decline in zooplankton is due to the loss of suitable hiding places [...] places. It results from the changes in the coral reef community due to increasing acidification. Instead of densely branched branching corals, robust mounding species of hard coral grow, offering the z

important the ocean is for us: “The global ocean is the life insurance of our planet. It has greatly slowed down global surface warming. However, this service comes at a high cost: The ocean is acidifying [...] and climate change are putting pressure on natural sinks on land and in the oceans. For example, in the past decade, the oceans have absorbed 10.5 metric gigatons per year on average, or 26 percent of overall [...] conditions have reduced the oceans’ capacity to absorb CO2 by roughly 6 percent,” says Prof Judith Hauck, an environmental researcher at the AWI, who coordinated the content on the ocean sinks. An important

2 supply outdoor mesocosms comprising of twelve 1,800 l replicate tanks to simulate ocean warming and acidification under various tidal conditions. List is the home port of the AWI`s state-of-the-art research

animals. Twelve of the known Vibrio species have a pathogenic effect. (Photo: René Erler/AWI) Ocean acidification: How the great Atlantic scallop loses the strength to swim The great Atlantic scallop has a [...] increasingly dif- ficult to escape its predators. This is due to the increasing acidification of seawater. Every year, the oceans of the world absorb one quarter of the carbon dioxide that we humans produce [...] Zankl) 10°E5°E0°5°W10°W 60°N 55°N 50°N North Sea Norwegian Sea Skagerrak English Channel Atlantic Ocean (Map: Antonie Haas/AWI) The North Sea – a sea of superlatives The North Sea is a shallow shelf sea

2019 Ocean Data Management Dr.Lica Krug Helg. 23 Wed October 2019 Ocean Data Management Dr.Lica Krug Helg. 24 Thur October 2019 Ocean Data Management Dr.Lica Krug Helg. 25 Fri October 2019 Ocean Data [...] Introduction Ocean and shelf seas are pivotal to the future of humankind. Currently the oceans provide roughly 20% of the protein consumed by humans. Emerging countries, with a huge need for ocean resources [...] in ocean education, increases the capacity and knowledge required for ocean observation in fragile shelf seas, provides new training programmes in emerging countries highlighting sustainable ocean needs