Thorium in the Arctic Ocean The Transarc expeditions together with earlier Polarstern campaigns have yielded a unique time series of the chemical and physical properties of the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). Only [...] anthropogenic carbon is taken up by the ocean, and glacial ocean carbon storage in the deep Southern Ocean is well established ( Brovkin et al., 2012 ). Changes in Southern Ocean carbon uptake and its export to [...] of mud EXC 2077: The Ocean Floor – Earth’s Uncharted Interface The ocean floor, which makes up 71% of the Earth’s solid surface, lies an average of 3,700 meters beneath the ocean surface. The difficulties