ecological network approach to retrospectively analyse and forecast multilevel health impacts of anthropogenic stressors on the Baltic Sea ecosystem I. Eulaers, T. Härkönen, J.-P. Desforges, K. Hårding, F

important implications for Southern Ocean phytoplankton ecology. By the year 2100, the ongoing anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) will likely have increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations from

Ocean. Thus, this system provides a unique natural model system to study the consequences of anthropogenic warming on food web dynamics and concurrent direct and indirect effects on biogeochemical cycles

control on the global carbon cycle and is considered to be responsible for 40% of uptake of anthropogenic CO2, playing therefore a pivotal role in the global climate system. Southern Ocean phytoplankton

adaptability in relation to environmental factors, which are affected or unaffected by increasing anthropogenic CO2 emission, as well as their role in biogeochemical cycles. The generated data will be used

adressed to examine the ecology of mussel beds and to survey the settlement of alien species on anthropogenic hard bottom substrates. Dives around Sylt are characterised by shallow water depths, strong tidal [...] (ESDP consultant document No 4)“. Scientific dives in the North Sea are done mainly to adress anthropogenic impacts (like the construction of windmill power plants) on the marine ecosystem. ___________

Anthropogene Aktivitäten haben den Kohlenstoffdioxid (CO 2 ) – Gehalt der Atmosphäre auf ~ 400 ppm erhöht, das entspricht dem höchsten Wert seit ca. 2-5 Millionen Jahren. Der Ozean kann große Mengen des

Waters of the Weddell Sea, reveal a steady CO 2 increase, of likely anthropogenic origin, as surface water, charged with anthropogenic CO 2 , is a major component with the formation of WSBW (Van Heuven [...] Heuven et al. 2011). The findings reflect the deep-sea sequestration of anthropogenic CO 2 , thus contributing to diminishing the burden of excess CO 2 in the atmosphere. The largest increase is found for NC [...] NC T in the surface layer (Van Heuven et al. 2014). Here, uptake of excess CO 2 , i.e. anthropogenic CO 2 , from the atmosphere has obviously occurred. Fig. 7: Ocean temperatures for multiple years along

with modeling studies, this information will be used to attribute the relative importance of anthropogenic activity and natural phenomena on the marine ecosystem and biogeochemical cycling of the Southern

Climate change arises from natural and anthropogenic external forcing, as well as from variations within the climate system. Whereas synoptic to interannual variations in the climate system are well observed [...] time-scales. Estimating that variability is the basis for the detection and attribution of the anthropogenic component and determines the range of plausible future climate changes. Imprints created during