dry valleys and on high mountain ranges) and volcanic activity of Mt. Ere- bus. Nowadays, minor anthropogenic emissions, arising from fossil fuel combustion during research and tourism activities, may be [...] heavy metals (e.g. Pb, Cd, Cr) can be employed as valu- able tracers for the growing impact of anthropogenic heavy metal emissions for remote Antarctica (Wolff and Suttie, 1994; Wolff et al., 1999; Planchon

I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 103 , pp. 86-100 . 2. Soltwedel, T. (2015): Natural variability or anthropogenic induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the Arctic open-ocean

global consequences. The SO region is responsible for about half of the global annual uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmos- phere. As part of the atmospheric CO2 uptake is driven by [...] effect is the acidification of the oceans. Ocean acidity increases positively with increase of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, threating calcifying organisms. In addition, there is mounting evidence that the [...] Earth’s oceans, the Southern Ocean (SO) is responsible for about half of the annual 20 global anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 uptake, around 1 PgCO2 (Takahashi et al. 2012). Within this region, the major

global consequences. The SO region is responsible for about half of the global annual uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmos- phere. As part of the atmospheric CO2 uptake is driven by [...] effect is the acidification of the oceans. Ocean acidity increases positively with increase of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, threating calcifying organisms. In addition, there is mounting evidence that the [...] Earth’s oceans, the Southern Ocean (SO) is responsible for about half of the annual 20 global anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 uptake, around 1 PgCO2 (Takahashi et al. 2012). Within this region, the major

surface has risen noticeably over the past decades. This warming is to a large extent due to the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 that amplify the natural greenhouse effect. Observations show, however, that

levels by 150% (IPCC AR5 WG1 2013). It is emitted by both natural sources like wetlands and anthropogenic sources such as rising of livestock, and petroleum systems. Even though methane’s lifetime is

by providing forecasts of the conditions that can be encountered during the sampling campaign. Anthropogenic climate change is altering marine ecosystems not only at an unprecedented rate, but also in ways [...] have been used to provide estimates of the length of time series data needed before definite anthropogenic driven trends in Chl- a could be detected). The continued and improve use of models in helping [...] total carbon pool in the ocean is the largest reservoir, currently absorbing about 25% of the anthropogenic emissions (http://www.globalcarbonproject.org). Carbon exists in the ocean in many forms (see

by providing forecasts of the conditions that can be encountered during the sampling campaign. Anthropogenic climate change is altering marine ecosystems not only at an unprecedented rate, but also in ways [...] have been used to provide estimates of the length of time series data needed before definite anthropogenic driven trends in Chl- a could be detected). The continued and improve use of models in helping [...] total carbon pool in the ocean is the largest reservoir, currently absorbing about 25% of the anthropogenic emissions (http://www.globalcarbonproject.org). Carbon exists in the ocean in many forms (see

is it loud, is it silent, what other non-biological sound sources are present, can we detect anthropogenic activity? The quality of the acoustic environment is likely to be a highly relevant habitat parameter [...] supply of material from the sea surface. To date, we do not know how global change and increasing anthropogenic activities in the Arctic affect processes on the seafloor. Due to this strong link between surface [...] ing and filming the seafloor, non-invasive observations of megafauna, phytodetrital patches, anthropogenic litter and habitat features such as dropstones. For more info on OFOS see: FRAM featu- red technology

is it loud, is it silent, what other non-biological sound sources are present, can we detect anthropogenic activity? The quality of the acoustic environment is likely to be a highly relevant habitat parameter [...] supply of material from the sea surface. To date, we do not know how global change and increasing anthropogenic activities in the Arctic affect processes on the seafloor. Due to this strong link between surface [...] ing and filming the seafloor, non-invasive observations of megafauna, phytodetrital patches, anthropogenic litter and habitat features such as dropstones. For more info on OFOS see: FRAM featu- red technology