first time that marine litter can even be found at the sea surface of Arctic waters. Though it remains unclear how the litter made it so far north, it is likely to pose new problems for local marine life

completely ice-free during summer and sea-surface temperature reached values of 4 to 9 degrees Celsius. In spring, autumn and winter, however, the ocean was covered by sea ice of variable extent, the scientists

°W 60°N 55°N 50°N North Sea Norwegian Sea Skagerrak English Channel Atlantic Ocean (Map: Antonie Haas/AWI) The North Sea – a sea of superlatives The North Sea is a shallow shelf sea (deepest point 700 [...] They also occur in otherwise perfectly clean North Sea waters. Pathogens: The North Sea as a paradise for bacteria When the surface temperature of the North Sea rea- ches the 20-degree Celsius mark in July [...] climate- related warming of the North Sea has forced estab- lished native species like cod to migrate north where the water temperature is similar to that measured in the North Sea some five decades ago. Back

Spectrometers for Atmospheric Chartography SEOM Scientific Exploitation of Operational Missions SeaWiFS Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor SOM Self-Organizing Maps SoW Statement of Work TOA Top of atmosphere [...] studied for 2008-2009 in the North Atlantic Land et al. (2014) used coincident Envisat RA2 and AATSR temperature and wind speed data from 2008/2009 to calculate the global net sea-air flux of dimethyl sulfide [...] P. 2015. Ship-based MAX- DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2 and SO2 in the South China and Sulu Sea. Submitted to Atmospheric Environment, 102, 331-343. Sathyendranath S., Aiken J., Alvain S., Barlow

global oceans. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 54(5), 447–477. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.12.007 6. Longhurst, A. R. (2010). Ecological geography of the sea. Academic Press. 7. [...] products were developed for specific Longhurst biogeochemical provinces [6] Atlantic Arctic - ARCT, North Atlantic Drift - NADR, Pacific Equatorial Divergence - PEQD, Indian Monsoon Gyres - MONS, Southwest [...] (NOBM) is a global biogeochemical model with coupled circulation and radiative models. NOBM assimilates SeaWiFS and MODIS total chlorophyll data and contains 4 PFTs: diatoms, coccolithophores, cyanobacteria

global oceans. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 54(5), 447–477. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.12.007 6. Longhurst, A. R. (2010). Ecological geography of the sea. Academic Press. 7. [...] products were developed for specific Longhurst biogeochemical provinces [6] Atlantic Arctic - ARCT, North Atlantic Drift - NADR, Pacific Equatorial Divergence - PEQD, Indian Monsoon Gyres - MONS, Southwest [...] (NOBM) is a global biogeochemical model with coupled circulation and radiative models. NOBM assimilates SeaWiFS and MODIS total chlorophyll data and contains 4 PFTs: diatoms, coccolithophores, cyanobacteria

Press release

Marine Litter
Micro-plastic particles pose a risk not only to sea birds, whales and organisms at the bottom of the sea. In two new studies, scientists of the Alfred Wegener Institute Hemholtz Centre [...] Polar and Marine Research (AWI) show that plastic waste is also eaten by nautili as well as North and Baltic Sea fish such as cod and mackerel.

temperatures comes an increasing likelihood of potentially pathogenic bacteria appearing in the North and Baltic Seas. AWI scientists have now proven that a group of such bacteria known as vibrios can survive

initiatives including ICES, SCOR, OSPAR and LTER North Sea time series Arctic time series AWI biological time series locations in the Arctic, North Sea and Antarctic Further information LTER-D LTER Europe [...] LTER time series in the North Sea, Arctic and Antarctic The analysis of long-term ecological patterns and changes is a further focus of AWI’s LTO activities and long-term data sets exist for almost every [...] sensor deployments and molecular methods. The most extensive data resources are available in our North Sea observatory. Further important time series are operated in the arctic observatory Hausgarten. Our