presence of small amounts of Phytoplankton in these depths. At most of the stations (see Fig 5.9) samples were taken with a plankton net (20m) for the analysis of phytoplankton composition in the upper 20 [...] were present. This composition of phytoplankton indicates a mixture of Atlantic and Arctic water masses and inhabiting plankton organisms. In addition to the phytoplankton organisms also protozooplankton [...] Water samples from CTD/rosette casts are used to investigate biogeochemical parameters as well as phytoplankton and bacteria communities in surface layers. AUV dives at the ice edge were used to obtain hig

quantity. Due to their delicate feeding basket, salps prefer ‘warmer’, ice-free waters with lower phytoplankton concentrations. Krill and salps are among the most important grazers in the SO, occupying completely

isotopes. Phytoplankton nets were deployed for the collection of larger phytoplankton cells, and samples were taken from every bottle from the rosette for quantitative counts of the phytoplankton. Furthermore [...] with different hydrographic regimes. These were reflected in considerable shifts in resident phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. The NoSoAT survey aimed to investigate and characterise these different [...] Plankton Recorder, XBTs, Rosette sampler with CTD sensors, Bongonet, Ferrybox), sample processing (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and ocean chemistry), analysis of samples, data acquisition, along with incubations

ecosystem using an ecosystems biology approach. By combining novel and classical approaches to study phytoplankton physiology, biodiversity and zooplankton interactions we aim to improve current projections of

ecosystem using an ecosystems biology approach. By combining novel and classical approaches to study phytoplankton physiology, biodiversity and zooplankton interactions we aim to improve current projections of

al- gae (phytoplankton) in the water. Then the algae start to grow and flourish. They use up the nutri- ents and in turn they themselves become food for others. At the end of a phytoplankton bloom the [...] series Helgoland Roads has been running for over 50 years, making it the longest and most detailed phytoplankton data series in the world. Polar regions can be investigated as “hotspots of climate change,” because [...] first glance: the big eat the small, the small eat the smaller animals and these in turn eat phytoplankton. However, research on this basic food web is actually highly complicated – and new questions

put into the development of new models approaches for phytoplankton physiology, iron chemistry and phytoplankton community composition (phytoplankton functional types). The models have been validated with [...] the export of biogenic carbon with the sinking phytoplankton from the sea surface to the ocean floor at about 4000 m depth (EIFEX). We determined phytoplankton species succession, decline of the fertilised [...] masses were quantified as were the carbon budgets of the developing plankton blooms. Further phytoplankton species succession, decline of the fertilised bloom, its sinking through the water column to the

obtain observations which link variations of daily (e.g., relevant for the preconditioning for phytoplankton blooms) to inter-annual (e.g., relevant to decipher decadal trends) timescales with processes

can already be seen in Fram Strait between Svalbard and Greenland, where the composition of the phytoplankton has changed. Whereas, in past decades, more diatoms grew in the colder water, today you’ll find

Peter Henry Burkill Director, Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science marine biology, phytoplankton Prof. Dr. Karen J. Heywood University of East Anglia, School of Environmental Sciences physical [...] exchange at a Siberian permafrost landscape 16:40 - 17:00 Effects of CO2 and iron on Antarctic phytoplankton S. Trimborn 17:00 - 17:20 Ocean-atmosphere-ice sheet interactions in the North Atlantic region