deep sea has started to increase and today we know that the deep ocean on planet Earth hosts an enormous diverse deep-seabed life. Biodiversity in the deep sea depends among other parameters on water [...] rate of recent climate change challenges the resilience of Arctic life. The entire system is likely to be severely affected by changing ice and water conditions, varying primary production and food [...] transition zone between the northern North Atlantic and the central Arctic Ocean, and to determine the factors controlling deep-sea biodiversity, the Alfred Wegener Institute established the LTER (Long-Term

is now bringing back from a Polarstern expedition to the Central Arctic. After a four-month-long Arctic season, the Alfred Wegener Institute’s research icebreaker is expected to arrive back in Bremerhaven

means that they transport more ice from the land’s interior to the ocean, which in turn causes the sea level to rise. Furthermore, the surface of Greenland’s ice sheet is melting more extensively and is [...] Now (Video) | 14.09.2020 Climate Crisis: Ice breaks away from Arctic's largest remaining shelf Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Lecture | 04.03.2022 The Complex Life of Ice Sheets TEDx Talks Talk [...] 06.03.2017 How the Greenland Ice Sheet is loosing mass forced by the ocean Summit on Climate Change Policy advice

our knowledge of the sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic is constantly growing, we still don’t understand all the connections and phenomena. Two examples: because the thickness of the Arctic sea ice is steadily declining and meltwater pools are increasingly forming in summer, covering large areas of the Arctic sea ice, both the ice and the ocean below absorb more solar radiation. As a result, more algae grow, marine biomass production increases and more carbon is taken up

at the University of Bremen. Sea Ice MOSAiC The sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic is a major component of the global climate system, and changes in its thickness and snow cover are important indicators [...] , jpg | 747 KB Media DW (Video) | 08.08.2020 On thin ice: The Arctic and earth's climate Find out more > DW | 05.05.2020 Polarstern sets records on Arctic climate mission Find out more > Above & Beyond, Canada's Arctic Journal | 31.12.2013 On Thin Ice Find out more > Dialogue & Lectures Policy advice Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC

:// www.youtube.com/channel/UCxseMj2r9jMDq-LjKzUOIVg/featured Arctic Ocean MSM93 expedition contribution to newsletter of German Science Foundation Transregio Arctic Amplification: www.ac3- [...] /tausendstel-millimeter-gross-aber-echte-giganten/85718382 Arctic Ocean MSM93 expedition highlighted in the German newspaper “Süddeutsche Zeitung” 6 Nov 2020: https :// www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/ [...] great-potential-for-comprehensive-monitoring-of-the-water-masses-in-the-ocean.html

from Hyperspectral , ESA SynSenPFT , DFG PHYSYN , DFG TR 172 Arctic Amplification (AC 3 ) project C03 "Feedback of ocean colour and atmospheric composition to AC 3 ", ESA S5POC ) GEOMAR-Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research (Geomar), Kiel, Germany ( SHIVA , TransBrom Sonne , SynSenPFT , OCEANET , ASTRA) Institute for Coastal Research,

Helgoland-UWO - 54° 11.700'N / 7° 52.600'E – Fig. 1) and in the Arctic Ocean in Spitzbergen ( Svalbard-UWO - 78° 55.200 / 11° 54.00 – (WGS84) - Fig. 2). The systems were developed in close cooperation

public. The use in research applications is usually free. Examples: Ocean Data View, a programme to visualise large geo-referenced data files UltraMassExplorer, a browser-based tool for the interactive [...] - From research to business Technology Transfer Office Spin-offs Ocean Data View Inventions, innovative technologies and services originate, e.g. from the following R&D fields of the Alfred-Wegener-Institute [...] the few institutions worldwide that conduct research both in the Arctic and Antarctic. The expertise of AWI with research in polar regions and the operation of the required infrastructure in harsh

specially adapted biotic community. Ice-covered seascape in the Arctic Ocean (Photo: Esther Horvath) The deep sea in the polar regions In the Arctic, living at the bottom of the sea poses unique challenges [...] standards. For another, food is harder to come by. The central Arctic Ocean is largely covered with ice and – unlike the Antarctic’s Southern Ocean – surrounded by landmasses. Exchanges with the Atlantic [...] place via two comparatively narrow passages. As a result, the Arctic Ocean is an extremely nutrient-poor one, where less algae grows than in the waters of the temperate latitudes – which also means