first aerial survey flights over the Arctic this year. The flights, which will extend far into the Central Arctic, will support the investigation of the atmosphere and sea ice, and supplement the MOSAiC [...] expedition’s extensive research agenda. Core research priorities include cloud formation over the Arctic Ocean and the question as to whether the sea ice observed during MOSAiC was generally thicker or thinner [...] Arctic
Following a five-month mandatory delay due to the coronavirus pandemic, on August 30th the two German polar research aircraft Polar 5 and Polar 6 will launch from Svalbard to conduct their first

Arctic Ocean
This summer the sea-ice cover on the Arctic Ocean shrank to the second-smallest extent since the beginning of satellite observation in 1979. By mid-September it covered only 3.8 million [...] formed in Russia’s marginal seas, and soon melted again when the spring came. Secondly, this year the Arctic has seen extremely high air and water temperatures. Accordingly, heat gnawed away at the ice from

seriously impacted the sea-ice cover: in the Russian Arctic (the sector from 30 to 180° East), roughly 1 million square kilometres less of the ocean is covered with ice than in the past seven years.
[...] Sea Ice
The Arctic sea-ice extent is the lowest it’s ever been in July since the beginning of satellite observation. The sea-ice retreat is especially pronounced off the Siberian coast, as a result

key Arctic atmospheric and sea ice variables based on satellite and in-situ data sets (WP1) • Regional feedback mechanisms responsible for Arctic climate change (WP2) • Interaction between Arctic climate [...] routes (WP4) • Impact of Arctic sea ice and cyclones on biodiversity and productivity of the Arctic marine biota (WP5) WP1 will quantify the strength of climatic changes in the Arctic based on unique Russian [...] in-situ and satellite data for sea ice and ocean variables and atmospheric key parameters. WP2 will improve the regional feedbacks between the Arctic atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and snow in a regional coupled

amounts of microplastic in arctic sea ice than ever before. However, the majority of particles were microscopically small. The ice samples from five regions throughout the Arctic Ocean contained up to 12,000 [...] patch in the Pacific Ocean, while in turn, the high percentage of paint and nylon particles pointed to the intensified shipping and fishing activities in some parts of the Arctic Ocean. The new study has

Arctic Ocean
Tiny gypsum crystals can make phytoplankton so heavy that they rapidly sink, hereby transporting large quantities of carbon to the ocean’s depths. Experts from the Alfred Wegener Institute [...] Institute recently observed this phenomenon for the first time in the Arctic. As a result of this massive algal transport, in the future large amounts of nutrients could be lost from the surface waters.

(ASSW) and other international Arctic conferences. As an observer on the Arctic Council, the most important forum on the Arctic, he worked with decision-makers from Arctic countries, and with representatives [...] the Arctic. He served on the planning committee for the International Polar Year 2007/2008 and numerous other committees involved in Arctic research. His duties included organising the annual Arctic Science [...] indigenous peoples in the Arctic. Since 2017, Volker Rachold has headed the German Arctic Office at the AWI and has advised federal ministries on matters concerning the Arctic. In 2018, his office was

Elsevier. [ Impact Factor: 3.513 ] Print Ausgabe: 1.1981 - 85.2007 Z 366 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. / Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. Print Ausgabe: 31.1999 - [...] td-1">Z 2180 Ocean dynamics. / Springer [ Impact Factor: 1.612 ] Print Ausgabe: 52.2001 - 57.2007 Z 2183 Ocean modelling [...] dd tr-187"> eOnly Report of the ... Meeting / Arctic Ocean Science Board. <td class="td-last

Sea ice motion and deformation Sea ice can be found in the Arctic and Antarctic, but also for example in the Gulf of Bothnia and Finland, is very dynamic. The drift velocities of individual ice floes or [...] other deformation features have a major impact on the interaction between the atmosphere, sea ice and ocean. They also pose dangers for ship traffic. Among other things, our work focuses on the improvement [...] landscape in the Lena delta (© NASA / Landsat , 2000) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) Charting the Arctic Tundra Polynias Terra Nova Bay Polynia (© NSIDC / Modis, 2013) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut)

sea ice models used for? Example of a sea ice model (Graphic: Alfred Wegener Institut) The Arctic areas - ocean even more than land - are difficult to reach, for several winter months not at all. Instruments [...] time. Variability is determined e.g. by air and ocean temperature. The velocity in turn depends on the thickness of the ice, the wind conditions and the ocean current. The changes of the sea ice over time [...] This explains the expression "compute the model forward in time". The area of interest- here the Arctic Ocean is overlaid with a three-dimensional grid. The geometry of this grid can be as simple or complicated