e himself in a Polarstern mission to the Arctic. As Airbus project manager, he tested the Viator lander-crawler system of the Geomar Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research on expedition PS108. Also part of [...] Sciences (Marum) glides through the depths like a glider to conduct gas hydrate measurements in the ocean. Detlef Wilde T: +49 (471) 4831-1281 E: detlef.wilde@awi.de Timeport II, 2. OG Barkhausenstr. 2 27568 [...] of the Alfred Wegener Institute will be able to operate year-round in all ice conditions in the Arctic and Antarctic. As an ambassador for sus- tainability in shipping, the new Polarstern will itself

Extent of the Arctic ice sheets during the last glacial (Graphic: Catalina Gebhardt) In contrast to the continent Antarctica, the Arctic region consists of a large marine basin. Therefore, Arctic ice sheets [...] Siberia-Chukchi Ice Sheet. During their maximum extent, these ice sheets reached far into the Arctic Ocean, and signs of glacial overprint can be found as far north as at the North Pole. Many studies have [...] sheet is found on Greenland, but in the past, several other ice sheets covered large areas of the Arctic realm. The most important ones were the Laurentide Ice Sheet on North America, the Svalbard-Barents

already impacting the modern ocean. To recognize changes and predict the future ocean, ocean color (OC) remote sensing aims at quantifying and monitoring optically active oceanic constituents such as phytoplankton [...] 2.2 Ocean color remote sensing 2.2 Ocean color remote sensing Ocean color (OC) remote sensing (Mobley, 1994; Mobley et al., 2021) refers to the dis- cipline that infers information on the ocean from optical [...] c CO2 was taken up by the ocean (Friedlingstein et al., 2019). As a consequence, the ocean is warming, sea levels are rising, sea ice concentrations are declining, and ocean acidity is enhancing (IPCC

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