international partners, we promote a better understanding of the causes and effects of natural and anthropogenic changes, like climate change. Together with the Helmholtz Association’s Earth and Environment

al. 2013, ANTON et al. 2019, BAILEY et al. 2020). Die Verbreitung von Tieren und Pflanzen durch anthropogene Aktivitäten reicht weit in die Vergangenheit zurück, kann zum Teil nur vermutet werden oder lässt [...] man Arten, bei denen es den gut begründeten Verdacht gibt, dass sie in der Vergangenheit durch anthropogene Aktivitäten an europäische und letztlich deutsche Küsten gelangt sind. Die Amerikanische Schw [...] Neuzugang im Helgoländer Felswatt auftauchte. Sie gilt aber nicht als eingeschleppt in Folge anthropogener Aktivitäten und ist so- mit kein nichtheimischer Neophyt im engeren Sinne. Möglicherweise ist

Anthropogenic climate change has, together with the intensive use and destruction of natural ecosystems through agriculture, fishing and industry, sparked an unprecedented loss of biodiversity that continues

global climate and are among the fastest warming regions worldwide. It is unclear to what extent anthropogenic environmental changes will impact the structure and functioning of the polar marine ecosystem

Antarctic natural resources is currently (still) prohibited under the Antarctic Treaty. Hence few anthropogenic acoustic sources exist in this region while the sea ice cover absorps sound more efficiently than [...] reducing ambient sound levels further. Spectrogram of 20060829-2207_PALAOA (Photo: OZA AWI) Anthropogenic sound Ship noise Polarstern in sea ice (Photo: AWI) Twice a year, the German research vessel

Group Marine Carbon and Ecosystem Feedbacks in the Earth System (MarESys). Global Carbon Budget Anthropogenic carbon distribution Southern Ocean Every year, we human beings emit large quantities of carbon

Over the past 200 years, our planet’s oceans have absorbed more than a quarter of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. As a result, their acidity has increased by nearly 30 percent their

of regional temperature fluctuations over the last 8000 years. The consequence: In addition to anthropogenic warming additional changes in regional climates are expected due to natural variability.

a research team led by Alfred Wegener Institute scientists investigated what long-term impact anthropogenic climate change will have on ocean eddies and their far-reaching effects. Using climate model

. . . . . . . . . . . . 168 x 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation The Earth’s climate is changing. Anthropogenic activities, mainly fossil fuel combustion, cement manufacturing, and land use change, have increased [...] gas emissions (IPCC, 2013). It additionally acts as a carbon sink. About 25% of the released anthropogenic CO2 was taken up by the ocean (Friedlingstein et al., 2019). As a consequence, the ocean is warming [...] altitude with a maximum at 20 to 25 km, however, ozone is also present in the troposphere due to anthropogenic activities. Nitrogen oxides NOx (NO, NO2) are also found in both layers. The main source of NOx