diatoms (diatoms) to reconstruct sea ice cover. Projects Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean mean sea ice concentration (Graphic: NSIDC) Southern Ocean Southern Ocean mean sea ice concentration (Graphic: NSIDC) [...] sea ice extent and thickness have a strong influence on albedo, the hydrologic cycle, ocean and air currents, ocean-atmosphere energy exchange, water mass stratification and formation, and biological p [...] ice variations is a significant prerequisite for understanding the interactions between the ice, ocean, and atmosphere and their influence on climate change. AWI has a long-standing expertise in micro